BACKGROUND Surgery is the criterion standard for the treatment of severe burns and of late sequels after ingestion of corrosive agents, but long-term outcome is unknown. METHODS Patients who underwent surgery between 1987 and 2006, for the treatment of severe caustic burns (group I, n = 268) or of late sequels (group II, n = 79) were included in the study. Survival and functional outcomes wer...

Caustic scrubbing is a technology that has been used for the removal of H2S and other acid species from gases in different industries for many years. Improvements in design and control strategies, favorable prices for caustic compared with other non-regenerable H2S scavenging chemicals, and the potential for sales value for the NaHS (sodium bisulfide) product have made caustic scrubbing an econ...

background: sulfur compounds must be removed from petroleum because they contribute to environmental pollution. a strong alkaline solution such as caustic soda is used to remove these compounds. this spent caustic has high values for chemical oxygen demand (cod) concentration, ph and total sulfur. in this study, the regeneration and treatment methodology of sulfidic spent caustic was investigat...

Irregularities in the perimeter of a water droplet adhering to a vertical pane of glass cause perturbations in the curvature of the droplet surface. When laser light passes through such a droplet, the perturbations produce a far field refraction caustic, which is a section of the caustic known as the parabolic umbilic in the catastrophe theory classification. As the water evaporates and the dro...

Background: Caustics are corrosive substances whose ingestion causes tissue damage that can range from mucosal irritation to total necrosis or even perforation of the affected digestive bronchial segment. Ingestion is often accidental in children and a real public health problem low middle income countries, particularly Africa.
 Aims: The main objective this study was describe epidemiologi...

the ingestion of foreign bodies is a comprehensive problem affecting the pediatric population, especially under 5 years of age.  the ingestion of 2 or more magnets may lead to their attraction over planes of intervening soft tissue with enough force to cause significant complications including obstruction, fistula formation or even perforation.this case series report have documented the cases o...

A set of critical conditions for the characteristic caustic points in the phonon focusing patterns in tetragonal crystals is formulated. A caustic line segment in the focusing pattern is generally associated with either a fold or a cusp on the wave surface. Most of the caustic lines are symmetrical with respect to the principal symmetry plane and can be characterized by the caustic points at th...