We cannot help but categorize the visual world into objects like cats and faces. An intriguing new study shows that observers automatically discover informative fragments of visual objects during category learning.

We report simulations with backpropagation networks trained to discriminate and then categorize a set of stimuli. The findings suggest a possible mechanism for categorical perception based on altering interstimulus

Common approaches to text categorization essentially rely either on n-gram counts or on word embeddings. This presents important difficulties in highly dynamic or quickly-interacting environments, where the appearance of new words and/or varied misspellings is the norm. To better deal with these issues, we propose to use the error signal of class-based language models as input to text classific...

Little is known about whether infants perceive meter, the underlying temporal structure of music. We employed a habituation paradigm to examine whether 7-month-old infants could categorize rhythmic and melodic patterns on the basis of the underlying meter, which was implied from event and accent frequency of occurrence. In Experiment 1, infants discriminated duple and triple classes of rhythm o...

In this study, results of computational simulations on English child-directed speech are presented to uncover what distributional properties of words make it easier to group them into lexical categories. This analysis provides evidence that words are easier to categorize when (i) they are hard to predict given the contexts they occur in; (ii) they occur in few different contexts; and (iii) thei...

This paper proposes a framework to extract diverse opinionated sentences within a given news article, by introducing the concept of diversity in a graphical model for opinion detection. We conduct extensive evaluation and find that the proposed modification leads to impressive improvements in performance and makes the final results of the model more usable. The proposed method (OP-D) not only p...

ABSTRACT Gene expression and SNP data may help to categorize the disease state of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome objectively instead of the current subjective clinical surveys. Analysis of a comprehensive set of candidate genes, chosen based on a priori hypotheses about the primary cause of a disease, may yield successful detection of specific genes and pathways associated with an illness.

OBJECTIVE Clinical notes, typically written in natural language, often contain substructure that divides them into sections, such as "History of Present Illness" or "Family Medical History." The authors designed and evaluated an algorithm ("SecTag") to identify both labeled and unlabeled (implied) note section headers in "history and physical examination" documents ("H&P notes"). DESIGN The S...

Background: Providing an appropriate background is essential for necessary changes and innovation in the higher education, the need to review the classification criteria and development of the type of native criteria and local standards which match the cultural and scientific requirements of the country. Investigating the possible types of indicators to adjusted accurately and objectively is im...