Foot fractures are among the most common foot injuries evaluated by primary care physicians. They most often involve the metatarsals and toes. Patients typically present with varying signs and symptoms, the most common being pain and trouble with ambulation. Diagnosis requires radiographic evaluation, although emerging evidence demonstrates that ultrasonography may be just as accurate. Manageme...

abstract   background: fractures of the tibia are important for their commonness and controversy in their management. both conservative and surgical techniques have been introduced in an effort to speed time to :::::union::::: while minimizing the occurrence of complications. standard treatment for low-energy tibial shaft fractures includes closed reduction and cast immobilization. the purpose ...

Introduction: Immobilization in a hip spica cast is required in surgical and nonsurgical treatments for children aged three months to four years diagnosed with developmental dysplasia of the hip. Skin complications are associated with the use of the spica cast in 30% of the cases. This research explores the use of photogrammetry and rapid prototyping for the production of a lighter, shower frie...

[Purpose] The purpose of our study was to clarify temporal effects on restrictions to range of motion and the histopathological changes of joint components after joint immobilization in a rat knee-contracture model. [Subjects] Fifty-four male Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups: a fixation group, and a control group. [Methods] In the fixation group, unilateral knee joints were imm...

Immobilization is a form of disuse characterized by a loss of strength and muscle mass. Among the main features are decreased IGF-1/Akt signalling and increased ubiquitin-proteasome pathway signalling, which induce greater myosin heavy chain degradation. Activation of the classical renin-angiotensin system (RAS) causes deleterious effects in skeletal muscle, including muscle wasting. In contras...

PURPOSE Pediatric forearm fractures are common and usually heal uneventfully. The purpose of this study was to review the refracture rate and to identify trends and risk factors that may lead to a refracture. METHODS Using current procedure terminology code and subsequent chart review we retrospectively identified 2590 patients who sustained forearm fractures over the past 10 years (2000 to 2...

BACKGROUND Supracondylar fracture of the humerus is the most common elbow injury that requires reduction and immobilization in the proper position to union. There are a few reports regarding the position of the forearm immobilization on elbow cosmetic outcome. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to compare two modes of the forearm, supination and pronation in elbow deformity incidence after closed re...

OBJECTIVES Buckle fractures are the most common wrist fractures in children, yet there is little literature regarding their management. This study examined the management of these fractures and attitudes toward their immobilization by pediatric emergency department (ED) physicians and pediatric orthopedic surgeons. METHODS A standardized survey was mailed to all pediatric orthopedic surgeons ...

Aim: To compare wrist function by mean of DASH score at 12 weeks in distal radial fracture patients treated operatively (ORIF group) versus those non-operatively (CAST group). Methodology: The randomized controlled trial was conducted Indus Hospital Karachi, which is a tertiary care hospital from 1st January 2017 to 30th June and the follow up taken after recruitment last patient 96 were enroll...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of whey supplementation, as compared to the standard casein diet, on the recovery of muscle functional properties after a casting-induced immobilization period. After an initial (I0) evaluation of the contractile properties of the plantarflexors (isometric torque-frequency relationship, concentric power-velocity relationship and a fatigabi...