Iran contributes to the stock enhancement of several economically valuable fish species, including the Caspian salmon, S. trutta caspius, by producing and releasing millions of fingerlings into the sea. This work was conducted to determine the production costs of the Caspian salmon fingerlings in the years 2002 and 2003. For this purpose, a questionnaire was prepared and filled in by an expert ...

Current taxonomy of western Eurasian trout leaves a number of questions open; it is not clear to what extent some species are distinct genetically and morphologically. The purpose of this paper was to explore phylogeography and species boundaries in freshwater and anadromous trout from the drainages of the Black and the Caspian Seas (Ponto-Caspian). We studied morphology and mitochondrial phylo...

BACKGROUND The circulation of West Nile virus and Usutu virus was detected in the Emilia-Romagna region in 2008 and 2009. To evaluate the extent of circulation of both viruses, environmental surveillance, based on bird and mosquito testing, was conducted in 2008 and gradually improved over the years. METHODS In February-March 2009-2011, 5,993 hibernating mosquitoes were manually sampled, out ...

Haemosporidians, a group of vector-borne parasites that include Plasmodium, infect vertebrates including birds. Although mosquitoes are crucial elements in the transmission of avian malaria parasites, little is known of their ecology as vectors. We examined the presence of Plasmodium and Haemoproteus lineages in five mosquito species belonging to the genera Culex and Ochlerotatus to test for th...

For the ongoing range shifts under climate change, it is essential to have reference information on current presence of species. In recent years, there has been an increase in observations thermophilic reptiles outside their historical Ukraine. The distribution Caspian whipsnake, a common snake southern Ukraine, appeared be poorly documented at northern edge its due low density sub-optimal cond...

  Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used to estimate genetic relationships between two seasonal immigrant forms (namely fall-run and spring-run) of Caspian trout Salmo trutta caspius. In this regard, 62 fin tissue samples were collected from southern parts of the Caspian Sea basin and examined with 16 oligodecamer primers to asses their genetic diversity as well as probable s...

This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of L-ascorbyl-2-polyphosphate as a dietary ascorbic acid source on blood parameters of Caspian brown trout (Salmo trutta caspius), including red blood cell (RBC) count, white blood cell (WBC) and WBC differential. A total number of 600 Caspian brown trout (9.6±0.6 g) fingerlings were randomly distributed in triplicates among five treatments each conta...