The need to develop green steelmaking techniques has led the replacement of reducing agents such as CO with H2. H2 and N2/H2 mixtures can be used for carbothermal reduction iron ore. In this study, we investigated swelling index ore pellets in a forming gas (N2/H2) atmosphere at temperatures 700–1000 °C compared it that pure experimental results showed increases increasing temperature both atmo...

The production of magnesium particles through the carbothermal reduction magnesia using concentrated solar energy has engaged attention researchers as a sustainable process. This process allows effective employ those recyclable combustion metal fuels for terrestrial transportation having high energetic value with zero greenhouse gas emissions. Herein, we investigated improvement this process, a...

The need for sustainable zero-carbon fuels to substitute the conventional fossil in transport field becomes unavoidable overcome depletion of petroleum reserves and global warming. Metal are promising energy-carrying materials that can be regenerated through carbothermal reduction their oxide combustion products. Their use is economically beneficial environmental-friendly when oxides recycled u...