Antibodies to a capsular polysaccharide (PS) provide protection against Streptococcus pneumoniae which express the homologous capsular serotype, and pneumococcal vaccines are designed to induce antibodies in the capsular PS. Levels and opsonophagocytic capacity of antibodies to the capsular PS of S. pneumoniae serotype 19F were determined by sera from adults immunized with 23-valent S. pneumoni...

PURPOSE To establish a novel murine intraocular lens (IOL) implantation model to study the protective effects of colored-IOLs against retinal phototoxicity. METHODS Two-millimeter diameter IOL buttons were created from IOLs for clinical use. Extra-capsular crystalline lens extraction and IOL implantation were performed in BALB/c mice using a technique similar to human cataract surgery. For li...

Exopolysaccharides interfere with the isolation and characterization of plasmid DNA from gram-negative bacteria. To repress capsular polysaccharide production, bacteria were cultured in medium containing bismuth nitrate and sodium salicylate. Rapid removal of other contaminating bacterial surface components was achieved by mild acidic zwitterionic detergent extraction. After treatment, bacteria...

Purpose: To report the formation of the continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis (CCC) window in cases of intraocular lens (IOL)–Capsular Tension Ring (CTR) complex dislocation, determine appropriate indications for using CTRs, and evaluate surgical techniques for repositioning of the dislocated IOL–CTR complex. Methods: Four consecutive patients who underwent IOL repositioning surgery for IOL–CTR ...

To evaluate an interlaced triple procedure that involved penetrating keratoplasty (PKP), extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) using diathermy capsulotomy, and nonopen-sky intraocular lens (IOL) implantation.This retrospective study involved data from 34 patients who were diagnosed with severe corneal opacities and cataracts. These patients were divided into an interlaced procedure group (21...

.................................. Purpose: To compare the visual outcome and complications associated with anterior chamber IOL versus scleral fixated IOL following cataract surgery with poor capsular support. Material and Methods: This interventional comparative study was conducted from April 2010 to December 2011 in the department of Ophthalmology Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar. Thirty t...

Capsule is an important virulence factor in bacteria. A total of 78 capsular types have been identified in Klebsiella pneumoniae. However, there are limitations in current typing methods. We report here the development of a new genotyping method based on amplification of the variable regions of the wzc gene. Fragments corresponding to the variable region of wzc were amplified and sequenced from...

Staphylococcus aureus produces an antiphagocytic polysaccharide capsule to evade neutrophil-mediated killing. Many vaccines against encapsulated bacterial pathogens require generation of functional anti-capsular antibodies to mediate protection against infection and disease. Here it is shown that the generation of such antibody responses to S. aureus in vivo and in vitro requires the presence o...

Inorganic phosphate limitation modulates capsular polysaccharide composition in mycobacteria 4. Running title: Pi limitation modulates capsular polysaccharide composition. ABSTRACT Mycobacterium tuberculosis is protected by an unusual and highly impermeable cell-envelope that is critically important for the successful colonisation of the host. The outermost surface of this cell envelope is form...

The capsule of Cryptococcus neoformans can undergo dramatic enlargement, a phenomenon associated with virulence. A prior study that used Ab to the capsule as a marker for older capsular material concluded that capsule growth involved the intermixing of new and old capsular material with displacement of older capsular polysaccharide towards the surface. Here we have revisited that question using...