[1] This paper describes a black box, linear system model to predict time-varying throughfall rates using only data of time-varying rainfall and storm total throughfall. For two forest stands in the Pacific Northwest the model predicted throughfall with mean efficiency of 0.84 when calibrated individually to 48 rainstorms and mean efficiency of 0.82 when calibrated to all storms simultaneously....

In the tropics, habitat fragmentation alters forest-climate interactions in diverse ways. On a local scale (less than 1 km), elevated desiccation and wind disturbance near fragment margins lead to sharply increased tree mortality, thus altering canopy-gap dynamics, plant community composition, biomass dynamics and carbon storage. Fragmented forests are also highly vulnerable to edge-related fir...

The algal dominated communities immediately above and below the low-water spring level on a moderately exposed Manx shore were investigated by canopy removal experiments. Fucus serratus, Laminaria digitata and L. hyperborea were removed. Competition was shown to be important in determining the zonation of L. digitata and the distribution along the wave exposure gradient of other species such as...

the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of scrophularia striata water extract on the quality and shelf life of the rainbow trout fillet during superchilled storage. fish samples were treated with 1% and 3% s. striata water extract and then stored at -2°c for 20 days. the samples were analyzed periodically for chemical, microbial and sensory characteristics. results indicated that ...

the effect of 6-month water storage on microleakage of two-component self-etch adhesive systems      dr. mohammadibasir m .,1 dr. seyed tabaii e .2   1 assistant professor, department of operative dentistry , school of dentistry, shahed university. tehran , iran.   2 dentist.     (received 5 dec, 2010 accepted 14 april, 2011)     abstract     background and aim : simplification of the self-etch...

Lianas (woody vines) reduce growth and survival of host trees in both temperate and tropical forests; however, the relative strength of liana-tree competition in comparison to tree-tree competition remains unexplored. When controlling for biomass, lianas may have greater competitive effects than trees because the unique morphology of lianas allows them to reach the forest canopy at relatively s...

Information about wetland dynamics remains a major missing gap in characterizing, understanding, and projecting changes in atmospheric methane and terrestrial water storage. A review of current satellite methods to delineate and monitor wetland change shows some recent advances, but much improved sensing technologies are still needed for wetland mapping, not only to provide more accurate global...

Field water balance measurements using monolithic lysimeters were used in validating the Cupid-DPE model for predicting water loss partitioning during sprinkler irrigation from a moving lateral system fitted with impact sprinklers and spray nozzles. The model combines equations governing water droplet evaporation and droplet ballistics with a comprehensive plant-environment energy balance model...

Canada has several of Earth's largest lakes and many small lakes. Heat storage and circulation are greatly affected by lakes. Currently the Canadian Regional climate model does not incorporate a lake component. Therefore, we are linking atmospheric and lake models for such applications as climate prediction and assessing changes in the lake water quality and quantity. We investigate use of high...

Precipitation patterns are influenced by climate change and profoundly alter the carbon sequestration potential of ecosystems. Carbon uptake by shrubbery alone accounts for approximately one-third of the total carbon sink; however, whether such uptake is altered by reduced precipitation is unclear. In this study, five experimental sites characterised by gradual reductions in precipitation from ...