Amma Darko follows in the tracks of the two leading Ghanaian women writers, Efua Sutherland and Ama Ata Aidoo. However, as a writer, Darko differs in her approach to social, political and cultural issues. Her first three novels, Beyond the Horizon (1995), The Housemaid (1998) and Faceless (2003), all present and contest the culture of patriarchy. In her works, women are victims of rape, battery...

Introduction Fantasy novels have existed for a long time, but came into prominence after J.R.R. Tolkien’s Lord of the Rings series. This series introduced many concepts into fantasy and created a genre sometimes known as “high fantasy.” Many novels are written in this mold every year, and in addition, people indulge in pretending they are a part of this kind of world through such role-playing g...

nowadays, novel is the most dominating genre in literature. concerning the advocates and proponents of novel, women’s share either as the writer or the reader is ever so increasing. it is such that some rhetoricians speak about a feminizing literature. this article is an attempt to deal with these aspects. unfortunately, in the domain of the iranian novel reading, there are no exact and proper ...

Ibn Sina is regarded as one of the greatest physicians, thinkers and medical scholars in the history of medicine. Ibn Sina, a Persian scholar in the medieval era, wrote a famous book of medicine, the Canon of Medicine. The book was adopted as the main textbook of medicine in most Western and Persian universities. In the present critique, we analyzed the functional and anatomic descriptions of t...

What is meant by the “Canon of the Old Testament”? The word, “canon” itself is derived from the Greek, and in that language originally meant a staff or straight rod. In pre-Christian Greek it also bore the connotation “rule,” or “standard,” and in this sense also is used in the New Testament (cf. II Cor. 10:13, 15, 16; Gal. 6:16). Clement of Rome uses it of a rule possessing authority (I:7:2) a...

The results of previous studies comparing Monocular Estimate Method (MEM) retinoscopy and Nott retinoscopy (Nott) have not been consistent. The purposes of this study were to compare MEM and Nott measures of accommodative response with each other and to provide data on the interexaminer reliability of MEM and Nott. Two examiners performed both MEM and Nott retinoscopy on 50 young adult subjects...

The Western novel, practicing imperialist Africanism, has historically othered Africans as savages. Chinua Achebe, a Nigerian writer, appropriated the colonizing West’s language and narrative to present the colonial encounter from an African perspective. Interestingly enough, both African and non-African scholars believe that Achebe’s novels inadvertently reproduced the essentialism that reduce...

Films have been the most entertaining art form during the past century. Sometimes they were inspired in written novels; sometimes they have inspired new written novels. Film scripts are halfway between the film in the screen and the pure world of written imagination. Real time is one of the dimensions lost in the script, breaking the anchors to the time signals of what films are made. This pape...

The effectiveness of digital graphic novels (DGN) has never been measured from the perspective of interaction design (IxD) although previous studies regarded DGN as having materiality and multisensoriality characteristics which were crucial for most purposes and territories, especially for students’ learning. Teaching a dry graduate course with most of the traditional methods has been too dull ...