Abstract The health and productivity of black walnut (Juglans nigra L.) is currently threatened by Thousand Cankers Disease (TCD), a pest complex comprised an insect vector, the twig beetle (WTB) (Pityophthorus juglandis Blackman) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), associated pathogenic fungi (Geosmithia morbida Kolařík, Freeland, Utley, Tisserat) (Hypocreales: Bionectriaceae). There urgent need for ...
