In this article, we discuss the most common epidemiological methods used for evaluating the ability of mammography screening to decrease the risk of breast cancer death in general populations (effectiveness). Case-control studies usually find substantial effectiveness. However when breast cancer mortality decreases for reasons unrelated to screening, the case-control design may attribute to scr...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to compare breast and cervical cancer screening rates between female cancer survivors and a population without cancer to identify factors related to cervical and breast cancer screening in cancer survivors. METHODS We included 17,765 adults (738 cancer survivors and 17,027 individuals without cancer) in this study, all of whom who were 30 years of age or o...

Oncologists face growing difficulties in caring for patients because of the rising cost of treatment coupled with the high prevalence of uninsurance and underinsurance. A diagnosis of cancer is often the single most catastrophic health care event in an individual’s life. The stress of the situation increases exponentially when patients realize the burden of cost on themselves and their families...

Although cancer-screening guidelines recommend periodic testing for women 50 years of age and older, these tests are underused. A search of databases identified 156 community-based breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screening intervention studies published before April 2003. Most were conducted in the United States. More than half used randomization procedures or pre-post measures, and one...

AIMS Interval cancer is a key factor that influences the effectiveness of a cancer screening program. To evaluate the impact of interval cancer on the effectiveness of endoscopic screening, the survival rates of patients with interval cancer were analyzed. METHODS We performed gastric cancer-specific and all-causes survival analyses of patients with screen-detected cancer and patients with in...

conclusions the high prevalence of hpv in abnormal cytology underlines to the fact that the presence of hpv is a critical factor in the development of cervical cancer. the use of hpv dna techniques could actually become an effective and fast means of ascertaining the presence of hpv in abnormal cytology. results result showed a 100% presence of high risk hpv in all the samples with abnormal cyt...

background: mucinous adenocarcinoma colorectal cancer present at a more colorectal advanced stage of disease and showe a poorer prognosis than those with other types of carcinoma. the purpose of the present study was to clarify the clinicopathological characteristics of mucinous colorectal carcinoma in the iranian population. methods: 110 patients with mucinous adenocarcinoma were selected from...

In recent decades, cancer screening programmes (screening that is publicly organised and includes invitation procedures for eligible people of the average risk population in the screening area) have been established in many countries. While cancer screening in the context of clinical trials is innovative and investigative, cancer screening programmes themselves are largely static and not design...

the purpose of this study was to assess the detection rate of mammography in breast cancer and the attendance rate in response to the call for screening mammography in females before the development of symptoms. one-thousand four-hundred and thirty-eight women over 35 years of age who had no complaint and had normal breast examinations were called for mammography. out of the 10,000 women under ...

Background and Purpose: Cervical cancer is the most prevalent cancer among women in the world. Cervical cancer is no symptoms and can be treated if diagnosed in the first stage of the disease. The aim of this study was to survey the affecting factors of the Pap smears test on perceptual factors, enabling and reinforcing (PEN-3) model constructs in women. Materials and Methods:...