INTRODUCTION Transportation is an important iatrogenic endodontic error which might cause failure. This study evaluated the canal transportation caused by Neoniti and ProTaper instruments, using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) cross sections. METHODS AND MATERIALS This in vitro experimental study was performed on 40 mesiobuccal roots of maxillary first molars. The teeth were scanned with...

INTRODUCTION Elimination of the smear layer after root canal instrumentation requires the use of irrigating solutions. This cleaning can be completed with passive ultrasonic or sonic irrigation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the EndoActivator System in removing the smear layer after rotary root canal instrumentation, with and without a final flush of 17% ethylenedia...

BACKGROUND Cleaning and shaping of the pulp canal is one of the most important steps of endodontic therapy. Serious complications occur by the apical extrusion of bacteria during the instrumentation procedures. Both crown-down (CD) and full-length linear motion (FM) techniques are routinely used as a component of taper rotary instrument procedures for achievement of thorough cleaning and shapin...

INTRODUCTION Hard-tissue debris accumulation is a potential side effect of root canal instrumentation that has not been systematically investigated. In the current communication, a method to assess this debris using high-resolution microcomputed tomography (microCT) is presented. METHODS Based on prescans, mandibular molars with joining mesial root canals and isthmuses between these were sele...

Since instrumentation of the apical foramen has been suggested for cleaning and disinfection of the cemental canal, selection of the file size and position of the apical foramen have challenging steps. This study analyzed the influence of apical foramen lateral opening and file size can exert on cemental canal instrumentation. Thirty-four human maxillary central incisors were divided in two gro...

instruments have been traditionally used with a continuous rotary motion, but more recently, a new approach to the use of nickel-titanium instruments in a reciprocating movement has been introduced by Yared (2004). The clockwise (CW) and counter-clockwise (CCW) rotations used by Yared were four-tenths and two-tenths of a circle respectively, and the rotational speed utilized was 400 rpm. The co...

Root canal preparation is an important step in endodontic treatment. The anatomical complexity of the middle third of the root compromises the effective cleaning of this area. Thus, advances have been made in instrumentation techniques and instruments for this purpose. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of three different instrumentation systems on the enlargement of the middle t...

INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to obtain a three-dimensional analysis of the isthmus area of the mesiobuccal root canal system in mandibular molars using high-resolution micro-computed tomography (μ-CT) scanning and to measure the amount of debris and root filling material in the isthmus after instrumentation/irrigation and root filling. METHODS Mandibular molars with two separated me...

Root canal irrigants play an important role in the success of root canal treatment. As the major objective in root canal treatment is to disinfect the entire root canal system, it requires that the pulpal contents be eliminated as sources of infection. This goal may be accomplished using mechanical instrumentation and chemical irrigation, in conjunction with medication of the root canal between...