Particle bombardment and Agrobacterium-mediated transformation are two popular methods currently used for producing transgenic maize. Agrobacterium-mediated transformation is expected to produce transformants carrying fewer copies of the transgene and a more predictable pattern of integration. These putative advantages, however, tradeoff with transformation efficiency in maize when a standard b...

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has been successfully employed to detect transgenes in genetically modified (GM) soybean and maize. Three pairs of primers for CaMV 35S, NOS and EPSPS genes were used in the detection. The results reveal that PCR could differentiate the GM plants from non-GM plants. Evidently, PCR is a highly reproducible and sensitive technique that can be successfully employed ...

We describe a new Renilla reniformis luciferase reporter gene, RiLUC, which was designed to allow detection of luciferase activity in studies involving Agrobacteriumbased transient expression studies. The RLUC gene was altered to contain a modified intron from the castor bean catalase gene while maintaining consensus eukaryotic splicing sites recognized by the plant spliceosome. RLUC and RiLUC ...

The targeted genome editing technique, CRISPR/Cas9 system, has been widely used to modify genes of interest in a predictable and precise manner. In this study, we describe the CRISPR/Cas9-mediated efficient editing of representative SNF (symbiotic nitrogen fixation) related genes in the model legume Lotus japonicus via Agrobacterium-mediated stable or hairy root transformation. We first predict...

The most widely used gene editing technology-the CRISPR/Cas9 system-employs a bacterial monomeric DNA endonuclease known as clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-associated protein 9 (Cas9) and single-guide RNA (sgRNA) that directs Cas9 to a complementary target DNA. However, introducing mutations into higher polyploid plant species, especially for species without g...

The synthetic transcription factor LhG4 has been used in numerous mis-expression studies in plants. We show that the sequence encoding the LhG4 activation domain, derived from Saccharomyces cerevisiae GAL4, contains several cryptic polyadenylation signals in Arabidopsis. The GAL4-derived sequence was modified according to preferred Arabidopsis codon usage, generating LhG4AtO which was faithfull...

during plant infection, fungal pathogens secret polygalacturonase (pg) that are capable of degrading cell wall of susceptible plant tissues. polygalacturonase-inhibiting proteins (pgips) are able to specifically inhibit fungal polygalacturonases (pgs) activity. the inhibition of fungal pgs by pgips suggests that pgips have a role in plant tolerance to fungal infections. in this study bean (dane...

We have characterized the upstream nucleotide sequences involved in mRNA 3'-end formation in the 3' regions of the cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 19S/35S transcription unit and a pea gene encoding ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase small subunit (rbcS). Sequences between 57 bases and 181 bases upstream from the CaMV polyadenylation site were required for efficient polyadenylation at this si...

lepidoteran pests of sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) cause a severe yield reduction in the most sugar beet growing areas of the world as well as in iran. due to limited genetic resources of resistance to insect pest and polygenic inhertance, improvement of pest resistance in beet by conventional breeding is a difficult task. biotechnological enhancement by introducing insect resistance genes such...