The efficacy of smoothing first-order data as a preprocessing method for multivariate calibration is discussed. In particular, the use of symmetric smoothing filters (such as Savitzky–Golay filters) is examined from the perspective of calibration performance, in contrast with past studies based on univariate signal-to-noise improvement. It is shown mathematically that in the limit of a perfect ...

Regular operation of weather radar mandates frequent calibration to ensure accurate measurements. Even modest calibration errors in reflectivity factor Z and differential reflectivity ZDR may produce severe deficiencies in the quality of radar products such as rainfall estimates and hydrometeor classes. Radar users, including the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), rely on high quality weath...

Multiple Camera Systems (MCS) have been widely used in many vision applications and attracted much attention recently. There are two principle types of MCS, one is the Rigid Multiple Camera System (RMCS); the other is the Articulated Camera System (ACS). In a RMCS, the relative poses (relative 3-D position and orientation) between the cameras are invariant. While, in an ACS, the cameras are art...

Stellar fluxes from the 2MASS catalog are used to remove the contribution due to Galactic stars from the intensity measured by DIRBE in 13 regions in the North and South Galactic polar caps. Allowing for a constant calibration factor between the DIRBE 3.5 μm intensity and the 2MASS 2.2 μm fluxes gives very small pixel-pixel scatter. After subtracting the interplanetary and Galactic foregrounds,...

It is shown that genetic inversions can be used to recover lognormal aerosol size distributions from multiangle optical scattering cross-section data measured by a polar nephelometer at a wavelength of 0.532 mm. The inversions can also be used to recover the absolute calibration factor of the polar nephelometer. The method is demonstrated by applying it to polar nephelometer data measured durin...

IT is not easy to make accurate measurements of the minute volume delivered by an IPP respirator Cooper, 1959). Even the electronic integrating pneumotachygraph (Pressey, 1952) has the disadvantages of bulk, fire risk, complexity, and the likelihood of error arising from zero drift. Further, its calibration factor is a function of the physical properties of the gases passing. In anaesthesia the...

OBJECTIVE To investigate if software simulation is practical for quantifying random error (RE) in phantom dosimetry. MATERIALS AND METHODS We applied software error simulation to an existing dosimetry study. The specifications and the measurement values of this study were brought into the software (R version 3.0.2) together with the algorithm of the calculation of the effective dose (E). Four...

We tested the reliability of noninvasive cardiac output (CO) measurement in different body positions by pulse contour analysis (CO(pc)) by using a transmission line model (K. H. Wesseling, B. De Wit, J. A. P. Weber, and N. T. Smith. Adv. Cardiol. Phys. 5, Suppl. II: 16-52, 1983). Acetylene rebreathing (CO(rebr)) was used as a reference method. Twelve subjects (age 21-34 yr) were studied: 1) six...

The purpose of this work was to develop a method for easily verifying that the activity or air kerma strength of pre-assembled eye plaques, used in the treatment of ocular melanomas, agrees with the activity or air kerma strength called for in the treatment plan. A Capintec CRC-7 Dose Calibrator with its standard vial/syringe sample holder was used to measure the activity of pre-assembled COMS ...

Weak gravitational lensing surveys using photometric redshifts can have their cosmological constraints severely degraded by errors in the photo-z scale. We explore the cosmological degradation vs the size of the spectroscopic survey required to calibrate the photo-z probability distribution. Previous work has assumed a simple Gaussian distribution of photo-z errors; here we describe a method fo...