Chicken muscles offer several significant advantages for the use of cholinesterase as a marker of nerve-muscle interactions. A series of molecular forms of chicken muscle acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and likewise of pseudocholinesterase (psi ChE), has been defined. The form of AChE inside the endplates of fast-twitch muscle is H2c (20 S), with a collagenous tail. The same is true for psi ChE. T...

We determined the levels of brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and tail butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) activities in tadpoles of Odontophrynus americanus exposed to a commercial formulation of fenitrothion. The mean brain AChE activities in the controls tadpoles varied from 6.91 to 6.39 micromol min(-1) mg(-1) protein, whereas tail BChE activities ranged among 0.26 to 0.17 micromol min(-1) mg(-1) ...

The effect of various solvent extracts of Gelidiella acerosa on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) activities was investigated. AChE and BuChE inhibitory activities were analyzed by spectrophotometric method. Phytochemical screening of the compounds present in the solvent extracts was done qualitatively. Characterization of the compounds present in the benzene extract...

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to investigate acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and antityrosinase activities of extracts from ten Piper species namely; P. caninum, P. lanatum, P. abbreviatum, P. aborescens, P. porphyrophyllum, P. erecticaule, P. ribesioides, P. miniatum, P. stylosum, and P. majusculum. METHODS Anticholinesterase and antityrosinase activities were e...

The investigations of human serum pseudocholinestrase (acylcholine acylhydrolase) (International Union of Biochemistry, . i96i: 3.I.I.8) suggest the existence of four allelic genes controlling the formation of different enzyme types: gene Elu for usual esterase, Ela for atypical (dibucaine resistant) esterase, El' for a fluoride-resistant type, and Els for a 'silent' gene. The four genes result...

Molecular dynamics was used to simulate the transition state for the first chemical reaction step (TS1) of cocaine hydrolysis catalyzed by human butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and its mutants. The simulated results demonstrate that the overall hydrogen bonding between the carbonyl oxygen of (-)-cocaine benzoyl ester and the oxyanion hole of BChE in the TS1 structure for (-)-cocaine hydrolysis cat...

The present evidence indicates that serum pseudocholinesterase activity is increased to about 20% above the normal level in thyrotoxicosis and decreased by about 30% in myxoedema. Treatment restores the esterase level to the average mean activity of random normal as the patient becomes euthyroid. There is no evidence in the present investigation that any of the pseudocholinesterase variants mod...

Recent research shows that butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is not simply a liver enzyme that detoxifies bioactive esters in food and medications. In fact, in pursuing other goals, we recently found that it has an equally important role in regulating the peptide hormone ghrelin and its impact on hunger, obesity, and emotions. Here, we present and examine means of manipulating brain BChE levels by v...

Caffeine is an alkaloid with a stimulant effect in the body. It can interfere in transmissions based on acetylcholine, epinephrine, norepinephrine, serotonin, dopamine and glutamate. Clinical studies indicate that it can be involved in the slowing of Alzheimer disease pathology and some other effects. The effects are not well understood. In the present work, we focused on the question whether c...