Pathogen traits, such as the virulence and the transmissibility of an infection, can vary significantly between patients. A major challenge is to measure the extent to which the genetic differences between infecting strains explain the observed variation of the trait. This is quantified by the so-called broad-sense heritability ! ! H 2 – a term borrowed from quantitative genetics of sexual spec...

Studies using the classical twin design often conclude that most genetic variation underlying personality is additive in nature. However, studies analyzing only twins are very limited in their ability to detect non-additive genetic variation and are unable to detect sources of variation unique to twins, which can mask non-additive genetic variation. The current study assessed 9672 MZ and DZ twi...

Basic intellectual abilities of quantity and numerosity estimation have been detected across animal species. Such abilities are referred to as 'number sense'. For human species, individual differences in number sense are detectable early in life, persist in later development, and relate to general intelligence. The origins of these individual differences are unknown. To address this question, w...

Ninety-two rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes were evaluated during kharif 2013 to estimate the genetic variability, heritability and correlation coefficients for 14 physicochemical and cooking quality traits. The experiment was conducted in a complete randomized block design with 3 replications. Highly significant (P < 0.01) differences were observed for all 14 quality characters studied. Among ...

Development of superior crop varieties is the prime objectives of all plant breeding programs. To determine genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance, 24 elite bread wheat lines were planted in randomized complete block design with three replications at the University of Agriculture, Peshawar under rainfed conditions. Data were recorded on days to heading, days to maturity, plant he...

OBJECTIVE The current study aimed to describe what proportion of variation in adult alcohol intake is attributable to genetic differences among individuals and what proportion to differences in environmental experiences individuals have been exposed to. Effects of age, gender, spousal resemblance, and cultural transmission of alcohol intake from parents to offspring were taken into account. M...

Twelve cultivars of bambara groundnut were sown for evaluation of variability and genetic correlation among agronomic characters and seed yield in 2004 and 2005 in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Combined analysis of variance revealed highly significant effects (p<0.05) for genotypes (G), year (Y) and G x Y interaction for most characters evaluated. Estimates of geno...