in the present paper, resonant frequencies and modes of a three-atom photonic molecule and a photonic crystal placed within a cavity are numerically calculated. first, governing formulation in transverse electric field mode (te) is obtained using maxwell equations. then, an algorithm based on a finite difference scheme and matrix algebra is presented. the algorithm is then implemented in a comp...

Abstract The apparent brightness of satellites is calculated as a function satellite position seen by ground-based observer in darkness. Both direct illumination the Sun well indirect due to reflection from Earth are included. reflecting properties components and must first be estimated (the Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function, or BRDF). can found directly using lab measurements acc...

The recent pre-print by Saio et al. 2023 argues that the supergiant Betelgeuse is already undergoing carbon burning, based on assumption all of its light variations are caused radial pulsations. However, angular diameter measurements star in conflict with stellar radius required their models, as we show this note. We discuss feasibility Great Dimming was constructive mode interference using lon...