The city bypass tunnel of Waidhofen an der Ybbs (Austria) is situated in an intricate geological-geotechnical complex consisting of soil, hard soil, weak rock and solid rock. Marls and marly limestone (Waidhofener formation) predominate followed by tectonic breccia of the Alpine cliff zone, which is a tectonic melange zone. Materials of this kind universally have isolated interior blocks (shade...

Abstract We consider the implications of adding a cap to yield surface for elastic–plastic and elastic–visco-plastic solids with coupling between deformation, fluid flow mineral reactions. For suitable combination (low) permeability strain rate, opening-mode veins can form in compression. Such behaviour is enhanced by dissolution simultaneous reactions negative ΔV. These are equivalents compact...

Purpose is to identify a dependence of basalt raw material fine screening upon the operating and structural parameters sieving equipment. Methods. The research results have been obtained relying comparative analysis In this regard, analyzed grading efficiency characteristics were defined for three densities rock mass mined in open pits. They are γ = 1.4 g/сm3 tuff; 2.2 lava-breccia; 2.6 basalt....

With a focus on the Cu isotope geochemistry of chalcopyrite, this paper analyzed Qibaoshan crypto-explosive breccia-type Cu–Au polymetallic ore district in Wulian, Shandong Province, North China Craton (NCC). Combined with results situ sulfur analysis sulfides, certain reference and evidence for study genetic mechanism epithermal-porphyry metallogenic system were provided. The show that δ34S va...

[1] Definitive exposures of pristine, ancient crust on Mars are rare, and the finding that much of the ancient Noachian terrain on Mars exhibits evidence of phyllosilicate alteration adds further complexity. We have analyzed high-resolution data from the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter in the well-exposed Noachian crust surrounding the Isidis basin.We focus on data from the Compact Reconnaissance I...

The polar desert is one of the most extreme environments on Earth. Endolithic organisms can escape or mitigate the hazards of the polar desert by using the resources available in the interior of rocks. We examined endolithic communities within crystalline rocks that have undergone shock metamorphism as a result of an asteroid or comet impact. Specifically, we present a characterization of the h...

The Isua greenstone belt (Fig. 1) contains the oldest known, relatively well preserved, metavolcanic and metasedimentary rocks on Earth. The rocks are all deformed and many were substantially altered by metasomatism, but both the deformation and metasomatism were heterogeneous. Transitional stages can be seen from relatively well preserved primary volcanic and sedimentary structures to schists ...

Abstract Currently, the reservoir heterogeneity is a serious challenge for developing oil sands with SAGD method. Nexen’s Long Lake project reported that breccia interlayer was widely distributed in lower and middle part of reservoir, impeding steam chamber expansion heated drainage. In this paper, two physical experiments were conducted to study impact on development production performance. Th...