In this work we formally verify the soundness and precision of a static program analysis that detects conflicts (e.g. data races) in programs with procedures, thread creation and monitors with the Isabelle theorem prover. As common in static program analysis, our program model abstracts guarded branching by nondeterministic branching, but completely interprets the call-/return behavior of proce...

These notes provide an elementary and self-contained introduction to branching random walks. Section 1 gives a brief overview of Galton–Watson trees, whereas Section 2 presents the classical law of large numbers for branching random walks. These two short sections are not exactly indispensable, but they introduce the idea of using size-biased trees, thus giving motivations and an avant-goût to ...

Branching filaments with striking perpendicularity form when actin polymerizes in the presence of macrophage actin-binding protein. Actin-binding protein molecules are visible at the branch points. Compared with actin polymerized in the absence of actin-binding proteins, not only do the filaments branch but the average length of the actin filaments decreases from 3.2 to 0.63 micrometer. Arrowhe...

Neural networks exhibit ongoing, spatiotemporal patterns of spiking activity. Evidence shows that these patterns are metastable, i.e. temporary, transient, and non-stationary. Metastability is theorized to be adaptive for neural and cognitive function, but learning must somehow remain stable in the context of highly variable spike dynamics. In the present study, a neural network learning algori...

Axon bifurcation results in the formation of sister branches, and divergent segregation of the sister branches is essential for efficient innervation of multiple targets. From a genetic mosaic screen, we find that a lethal mutation in the Drosophila Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule (Dscam) specifically perturbs segregation of axonal branches in the mushroom bodies. Single axon analysis furt...

The form factors of the semileptonic Bc ! SðAVÞ‘ (‘ 1⁄4 , , e) transitions, where S and AV denote the scalar Xc0 and axial-vector ðXc1; hcÞ mesons, are calculated within the framework of the three-point QCD sum rules. The heavy quark effective theory limit of the form factors is also obtained and compared with the values of the original transition form factors. The results of form factors are u...

A self-organized branching process is introduced to describe one-dimensional ricepile model with stochastic topplings. Although the branching processes are generally supposed to describe well highdimensional systems, our modification grasps some of the peculiarities present in one dimension. We find analytically the crossover behavior from the trivial one-dimensional BTW behaviour to self-organ...

feel that the results we show, particularly in Figure 6, are on much more complex examples and that we have processed much larger number of buildings than reported in the previous literature ([5], [2], and [9]). We feel that our method has advantage over monocular systems such as ([5]) due to its ability to infer 3-D more directly and of having several views to validate the hypotheses. We feel ...

Although game-tree search works well in perfect-information games, it is less suitable for imperfect-information games such as contract bridge. The lack of knowledge about the opponents' possible moves gives the game tree a very large branching factor, making it impossible to search a signiicant portion of this tree in a reasonable amount of time. This paper describes our approach for overcomin...