acute respiratory syndrome. New Engl. J. Med. 348, 1953–1966 3 Drosten, C. et al. (2003) Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome. New Engl. J. Med. 348, 1967–1976 4 Peiris, J.S.M. et al. (2003) Coronavirus as a possible cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome. Lancet 361, 1319–1325 5 Ruan, Y.J. et al. (2003) Comparative full-length genome sequ...

Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), an enteric coronavirus of swine, is a potent inducer of alpha interferon (IFN-alpha) both in vivo and in vitro. Incubation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells with noninfectious viral material such as inactivated virions or fixed, infected cells leads to early and strong IFN-alpha synthesis. Previous studies have shown that antibodies against the vi...

BACKGROUND Four sampling techniques commonly are used for antemortem identification of pathogens from cattle with bovine respiratory disease (BRD): the nasal swab (NS), guarded nasopharyngeal swab (NPS), bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), and transtracheal wash (TTW). Agreement among these methods has not been well characterized. OBJECTIVE To evaluate agreement among TTW and NS, NPS, or BAL for id...

A defective RNA (D-RNA), CD-61, derived from the Beaudette strain of the avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), was rescued (replicated and packaged) using four heterologous strains of IBV as helper virus. Sequence analysis of the genomic RNA from the four heterologous IBV strains (M41, H120, HV10 and D207) identified nucleotide differences of up to 17% within the leader sequence ...

Gastroenteritis is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among young and newborn animals and is often caused by multiple intestinal infections, with rotavirus and bovine coronavirus (BCoV) being the main viral causes in cattle. Given that BCoV is better studied than equine coronaviruses and given the possibility of interspecies transmission of these viruses, this research was des...

Among different coronavirus genera, the receptor-binding S1 subunits of their spike proteins differ in primary, secondary, and tertiary structures. This study identified shared structural topologies (connectivity of secondary structural elements) in S1 domains of different coronavirus genera. The results suggest that coronavirus S1 subunits share a common evolutionary origin but have attained d...

The key enzyme in coronavirus replicase polyprotein processing is the coronavirus main protease, 3CL(pro). The substrate specificities of five coronavirus main proteases, including the prototypic enzymes from the coronavirus groups I, II and III, were characterized. Recombinant main proteases of human coronavirus (HCoV), transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), feline infectious peritonitis ...

The Covid sickness (COVID19) pandemic is quickly expanding across the world. There no legitimate therapy for this illness except by supporting our resistance we can battle with infection so to Coronavirus contamination famous dietary enhancement bovine colostrums having bunches of utilization against viral disease. It go about an immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, Antibacterial effect. most s...

the aim of the present study was to evaluate the presence anti- e. coli, -rotavirus and -coronavirus, in calves' sera. a total of 184 calves under 1 month of age (84 diarrheic & 100 normal) was studied. serological tests including: direct elisa for detection of anti-k99 e. coli, - rotavirus and - coronavirus and tube agglutination test for detection anti-o157 e. coli, antibodies were used....

background: middle east respiratory syndrome (mers) is a viral respiratory illness caused by a coronavirus. after the primary onset of mers in saudi arabia, in september 2015 cases began to increase. the number of laboratory-affirmed cases by mers-cov in the middle east has been being increased recently. method: in this current review article, by using the terms “mers” and “coronavirus” we firs...