A study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of three selected botanicals namely leaf extract of Neem (Azadirachta indica), Debdaru (Polyalthia longifolia) and datura (black) (Datura metel) along with Bavistin (Carbendazim) and BAU-biofungicide (Trichoderma harzianum) against leaf spot disease (tikka) of groundnut caused by Cercospora arachidicola and Cercosporidium personatum at the Fie...

background: vaccination is one of the most common painful procedures in infants. despite the irreparable consequences and complications of acute pain in infants, and existence of pharmacological and non‑pharmacological methods for pain control, pain control in infants has received less attention. therefore, this research aimed to compare the vaccination‑related pain in infants younger than 6 mo...

Cyanocobalamin occurs as dark red crystals or orthorhombic needles or crystalline red powder. It is very hygroscopic in the anhydrous form, and sparingly to moderately soluble in water (1:80). Its pharmacologic activity is destroyed by heavy metals (iron) and strong oxidizing or reducing agents (vitamin C), but not by autoclaving for short periods of time (15-20 minutes) at 121°C. The vitamin B...

Aim of the present study was to characterize the process of atomization and drying of layer-by-layer emulsions containing lecithin (single layer emulsion) and lecithin/chitosan (multilayer emulsion) and the oxidative stability of the spray-dried emulsions during storage. For this purpose, the analysis of the emulsion spray droplet size during atomization by two different atomization devices, i....

In order to master effectiveness situation of underground coal mine spray and dust reduction, analyze and improve the process of spray and dust reduction which effect is non-ideal, feasibility of introducing process capability analysis as scientific management method was investigated. Measuring tool was analyzed with measurement system analysis which guaranteed accuracy and precision of measure...

Two trials were conducted to determine the effects of irradiation of spray-dried blood meal and animal plasma on nursery pig growth performance. In Exp. 1, irradiation of spray-dried blood meal resulted in improved ADG and F/G and tended to increase ADFI for the 14 d experiment. The majority of the increase in growth performance occurred during the first week of the trial. In Exp. 2, ADG and AD...

In manufacturing, thermal spray technology encompasses a group of coating processes that provide functional surfaces to improve the performance of the components and protect them from corrosion, wear, heat and other failings. Many types and forms of feedstock can be thermal sprayed, and each requires different process conditions and life cycle preparations. The required thermal energy is genera...

Spray drift assessment encompasses classification of the capacity of each sprayer/ technology/setting combination to reduce or avoid the spray drift risk, as well as drift measurement to define buffer zones mandated during pesticide application. Compounding the challenge of these tasks is the great variability of field evaluation results from environmental conditions, spray application technolo...

It is not known whether sea spray droplets can act as agents that influence air-sea gas exchange. We begin to address that question here by evaluating the time scales that govern spray-mediated air-sea gas transfer. To move between the interior of a spray droplet and the atmospheric gas reservoir, gas molecules must complete three distinct steps: (1) Gas molecules must mix between the interior ...

A two-part study was conducted at a commercial beef slaughter plant to determine the effects of conventional and spray chilling on carcass yields and traits, and also to determine the effects of carcass spacing on carcass yields in a spray-chilling system. In the first part, 15 steer beef carcasses per day were selected on three consecutive days, and alternate right and left sides were subjecte...