We develop a symmetric analog of brace algebras and discuss the relation of such algebras to L∞-algebras. We give an alternate proof that the category of symmetric brace algebras is isomorphic to the category of pre-Lie algebras. As an application, symmetric braces are used to describe transfers of strongly homotopy structures. We then explain how these symmetric brace algebras may be used to e...

Background Untreated idiopathic scoliosis (IS) may lead to large deformations of the trunk, limiting capacity and biomechanics functions of the chest and exercise capacity, which is closely related to changes in the functioning of the cardio-pulmonary system. The conservative treatment of IS is applied in a brace treatment and various methods of physiotherapy. However, the usage of the brace ma...

Objective To provide the off -loading knee brace was designed relief for the pain associated with osteoarthritis by reduce loads on the degenerative compartment of the knee. Th is study examined the eff ects of the off -loading knee brace on activation of femoral muscles during squatting, slow and fast walking exercise in healthy young individuals. Method Ten healthy male subjects without a his...

BACKGROUND Data comparing different braces for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) are scant. The SRS criteria represent some guidelines for comparing results from different studies, but controlled studies are much more reliable. Recently, super-rigid braces have been introduced in clinical practice with the aim of replacing Risser and EDF casts. The aim of the present study is to compare the...

BACKGROUND Bracing concepts in use today for the treatment of scoliosis include symmetric and asymmetric hard braces usually made of polyethylene (PE) and soft braces. The plaster cast method worldwide seems to be the most practiced technique for the construction of hard braces at the moment. CAD (Computer Aided Design) systems are available which allow brace adjustments without plaster. Anothe...

Materials and methods Population: 357 consecutive scoliosis patients with 23 hours per day brace prescription (299 females, Age 13.2±11.1 °Cobb: 41.4±9.5, Risser 1.2±1.2). Control: outof-brace 6 months x-ray. The 206 SEAS patients have been divided according to time elapsed between start of mobilization exercises and start of brace wearing. We also had two control groups: one Usual Physiotherap...

BACKGROUND Patients with pectus carinatum complain of cosmetic problems because they stand out in spite of wearing clothes. Surgical treatment of pectus carinatum is resection of the deformed cartilage but a wide operative scar, postoperative pain and complications related with the operation can occur. Therefore we have performed compressive brace therapy as a non-operative treatment of pectus ...

Methods In this case control study, 11 patients with long thoracic curves (imbalanced three-curve pattern or A1 from the Rigo classification) were treated with a specifically designed RSC brace called "three curves brace with open pelvis." These 11 patients were compared to a control group of 10 patients with the same age and curve magnitude, treated with a classical RSC brace for a three-curve...

The difficulty of predicting the acceptance and the result of wearing rigid braces has been identified before and is reported in the literature. Therefore a test instrument has been developed and tested. The intention is that the test instrument can imitate a rigid brace. Furthermore, different attributes of the rigid brace can be altered. Thus the range of the lordosis, the level of maximal do...