OBJECTIVE To assess the association of race with clinical outcomes in HIV-positive women on continuous HAART. DESIGN Prospective study that enrolled women from 1994 to 1995 and 2001 to 2002. SETTING Women's Interagency HIV Study, a community-based cohort in five US cities. PARTICIPANTS One thousand, four hundred and seventy-one HIV-positive continuous HAART users. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES ...

Research on the survival of people in Pre- and Post-Black Death London revealed declines prior to epidemic, improvements afterwards. This study expands upon previous research by examining whether these trends are also observed medieval Danish populations. Analyses were done using a sample 877 individuals excavated from six cemeteries urban rural sites Denmark (c. AD 1050-1536), which includes w...

KEY FINDINGS Data from the National Vital Statistics System •During 1999-2014, the cancer death rate for children and adolescents aged 1-19 years in the United States declined 20%, from 2.85 to 2.28 per 100,000 population. •The cancer death rate for males aged 1-19 years in 2014 was 30% higher than for females. •Declines in cancer death rates during 1999-2014 were experienced among both white a...

INTRODUCTION More studies are needed to examine whether race moderates the effect of baseline depressive symptoms on cause-specific mortality including deaths due to renal diseases in the United States. OBJECTIVES The present longitudinal study compared Blacks and Whites for the effect of baseline depressive symptoms on deaths due to renal diseases over a 25-year period in a nationally repres...

IMPORTANCE A prior report showed higher stroke mortality in US black children compared with white children (1979-1998), a disparity likely due in part to sickle cell disease, which leads to a high risk of childhood ischemic stroke. We hypothesized that this disparity has diminished since the publication of the Stroke Prevention Trial in Sickle Cell Anemia (STOP trial) in 1998 demonstrating the ...

OBJECTIVES To investigate differences in perinatal death rate and associated obstetric risk factors between ethnic groups in the Netherlands. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study based on the 1990-1993 birth cohorts in the National Obstetric Registry. SUBJECTS 569,743 births of which 85,527 were for women belonging to ethnic minorities. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Perinatal death occurring between...

BACKGROUND Although the prevalence of obesity (body mass index, kg/m(2), BMI ≥30) is higher in non-Hispanic blacks than in non-Hispanic whites, the relation of BMI to total mortality in non-Hispanic blacks is not well defined. PURPOSE We investigated the association between BMI and total mortality in 16,471 non-Hispanic blacks in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study, a prospective cohort of adu...

Bacteria have attacked the cardiovascular system since time immemorial. The propensity for pathogenic bacteria to effect cardiovascular collapse and death has shaped human history. Black Death, caused by Yersinia pestis, killed tens of millions in China, the Middle East, and decimated onethird of the European population in the 14th century. More recently, fatalities from toxic Escherchia coli a...

This anomaly, though already known has received little attention;1 neither Ziegler nor Gottfried, writing in 1969 and 1983 respectively, questioned the bubonic plague assumption.2 Shrewsbury’s detailed history of bubonic plague in the British Isles in 1971 did little to explore the problems of plague in a cold temperate climate.3 Indeed, so fixed was he upon the rat-flea plague model that he di...

The third epidemic, which began at the end of the 19th century in China and reached the rest of the world via Hong Kong, is still ongoing. This summer a man died from plague in the city of Yumen in northern China. 30,000 inhabitants were confined to isolation when parts of the city were locked down. There was a plague outbreak in November in Madagascar, both in the provinces and in the capital ...