The role of common mycorrhizal networks (CMNs) in postfire boreal forest successional trajectories is unknown. We investigated this issue by sampling a 50-m by 40-m area of naturally regenerating black spruce (Picea mariana), trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides), and paper birch (Betula papyrifera) seedlings at various distances from alder (Alnus viridis subsp. crispa), a nitrogen-fixing shrub...

We explore the potential of the Diels-Alder cycloaddition for the functional tagging of DNA strands. A deoxyuridine triphosphate derivative carrying a diene at position 5 of the pyrimidine base was synthesized using a two-step procedure. The derivative was efficiently accepted as substrate in enzymatic polymerization assays. Diene carrying strands underwent successful cycloaddition with maleimi...

The quality of grey alder logs (Alnus incana) was studied by sawing sample logs from two different forests in November 1995–February 1996. For grading of grey alder logs and sawn timber the proposed system of Keinänen and Tahvanainen (1995) plus the reject -grade was used. In general, grey alder logs have knots from the base to the top. All types of knots appear, and the length of the knot-free...

2.1.8. Michael Reaction 2245 2.1.9. Others 2247 2.2. Cyclization Reactions 2248 2.2.1. Carbon Diels−Alder Reactions 2248 2.2.2. Aza-Diels−Alder Reactions 2252 2.2.3. Other Hetero-Diels−Alder Reactions 2255 2.2.4. Ionic Diels−Alder Reaction 2256 2.2.5. 1,3-Dipolar Cycloadditions 2256 2.2.6. Other Cycloaddition Reactions 2258 2.2.7. Prins-type Cyclization 2259 2.3. Friedel−Crafts Acylation and Al...

2,4,6-triisopropylstryrene was synthesized in a single step via the witting reaction from the corresponding aldehyde. the reaction of three styrene's derivatives, 2,6-dimethylstyrene, 2,4,6-trimethylstyrene, and 2,4,6- triisopropylstyrene with 4-methyl-l,2,4-triazoline-3,5-dion(m etd) was investigated. these reactions are instantaneous at room temperature and lead to the formation of 2: 1 ...

as they were being used (see, for example, Bowie, 1955; Howie and Timbury, 1956; Scott, 1957; Magee and Oakes, 1958; Nuffield Trust Report, 1958; Medical Research Council Report, 1959; and Wells and Whitwell, 1960). From the same work and that of others (see Bowie, 1958a and b; Alder and Gillespie, 1957; Knox and Penikett, 1958; Penikett, Rowe, and Robson, 1958; Rice, 1958; 1960; Medical Resear...

We correct for missed breaks in Lim-Alder Extended Edges.