A modification of the GLEAMS model was used to determine application windows which would optimise efficacy and environmental safety for herbicide application to a forest site. Herbicide/soil partition coefticients were determined using soil samples collected from the study site for two herbicides (imazapyr, K,=46, triclopyr ester, K,,=l038)andpublishedvaluesfortwootherherbicides(henarinone,K,=5...

Microbial transformation of the tetrazolinone herbicide F5231 was accomplished with the filamentous fungus Absidia pseudocylindrospora Hesseltine et Ellis (ATCC 24169). The fungus converted the herbicide to six metabolites which were identified spectrally by mass, infrared, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

In many EU countries, spray applications should comply with increasingly stringent requirements regarding the drift reduction class of nozzles. Many farmers fear that use drift-reducing nozzles producing coarse droplet spectra may compromise performance contact herbicides on small weed targets. This study examined effects various ISO 03 flat-fan (pre-orifice and single dual air induction nozzle...

Weed management is the major biological constraint in paddy (Oryza sativa L.) producing areas. Predominantly, barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli) a rice-mimicking weed that causes 57% of yield loss rice production. Conventionally, herbicides are site-specific inhibitors often used to suppress E. crus-galli growth. Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase) an important target for developing novel with...

In order to determine the best time use and adequate dose of four herbicides control weeds in dryland chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) fields, we performed present experiment 4 x 5 m plots. Fourteen treatments were carried out that from 1 9 included trifluralin. Treatments 1, 2, 3 with increasing doses trifluralin (480, 720, 960 g ai ha-1) applied 30 days before planting. 4, 5, 6 15 7, 8 consisted...

(1) Background: The Clearfield™ system (CL) is currently the primary tool for selective weedy-rice management in irrigated rice. However, herbicide persistence soil may cause damage to successive crops. Thus, it necessary understand agricultural practices that can favor dissipation of these herbicides. objective this study was analyze factors affect imidazolinones and use information provide st...

Commercial herbicides exhibit many different mechanisms of action. Several enzymes involved in biosynthesis of amino acids are sites of action for herbicides. A large number of different herbicide classes inhibit photosynthesis by binding to the quinone-binding protein, D-1, to prevent photosynthetic electron transfer. Several different types of herbicides apparently cause accumulation of photo...

Herbicide-resistant Palmer amaranth is a widespread issue in row-crop production in the Midsouthern US. Palmer amaranth is commonly found on roadside habitats in this region, but little is known on the degree of herbicide resistance in these populations. Herbicide resistance in roadside Palmer amaranth populations can represent the spread of an adaptive trait across a selective landscape. A lar...

Parietochloris incisa is an oleaginous fresh water green microalga that accumulates an unusually high content of the valuable long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA) arachidonic acid within triacylglycerols in cytoplasmic lipid bodies. Here, we describe cloning and mutagenesis of the P. incisa acetohydroxyacid synthase (PiAHAS) gene for use as an herbicide resistance selection marker fo...