Background: Microbial biofilms are responsible for many human infections and increase of antibiotic resistant bacteria. Therefore, finding an efficient way to prevent infection and biofilm formation of bacteria is essential. Medicinal plants are among suitable candidates to inhibit biofilm formation of bacteria. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effects of...

Objective(s): Staphylococcus epidermidis is a common cause of medical device-associated infections due to biofilm formation, and its elimination is extremely challenging. Although rifampin efficacy against S. epidermidis biofilms has been confirmed, its use as a single agent may lead to resistance. As such, it is assumed that the combination of rifampin and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) could exert ad...

Background: Staphylococcus hominis has been recently emerged as an opportunistic hospital-associated pathogen. The aim of this study was to characterize the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern, biofilm formation, and staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) types among clinical isolates of S. hominis obtained from pediatric infections. Methods: Totall...

Background & Aims of the Study: Rhodococci according to possess large genome, their active metabolism and survival under extreme conditions, are highly regarded for biodegradation and bioremediation of different pollutants especially heavy metals in the environment. Biofilms are more resistant to heavy metals than free-swimming organisms. The aim of this study was biofilm forma...

Bovine Mastitis is an inflammation of the mammary gland, usually due to microbial infection, which causes economic loss dairy producer every year. Staphylococcus one most common pathogens responsible for contagious mastitis in bovines. The aim this study was identify coagulase positive Staphylococci isolated from bovine subclinical mastitis. In vitro biofilm forming ability isolates, important ...

Brown rot fungi belong to the wood-rotting fungi, which produce oxalic acid and actively decompose wood. We first found oxalates formed under action of brown in natural conditions on stone (Rogoselga adit, Karelia, Russia), proposed a model for their formation, confirmed hypothesis that frequent occurrence metal mines adits may be associated with activity these fungi. synthesized four species b...

In frequency-dependent games, strategy choice may be innate or learned. While experimental evidence in the producer-scrounger game suggests that learned strategy choice may be common, a recent theoretical analysis demonstrated that learning by only some individuals prevents learning from evolving in others. Here, however, we model learning explicitly, and demonstrate that learning can easily ev...