The efficiencies of NADPH-dependent phenol hydroxylase (EC 1.14.13.7) and catechol 1,2-dioxygenase (EC.1.13.11.1) in biodegradation of phenol in the cytosolic fraction isolated from yeast Candida tropicalis were investigated. Enzymatic activities of both NADPH-dependent phenol hydroxylase and catechol 1,2-dioxygenase were detected in the cytosolic fraction of C. tropicalis grown on medium conta...

Lipoxygenase possessing dual catalytic activities, i.e. dioxygenase and hydroperoxidase, was purified from the cytosols of term placentas from non-smoking women. Concanavalin A affinity chromatography followed by phenyl-Sepharose CL-4B chromatography resulted in the separation of one hydrophobic and one non-hydrophobic isoenzyme. The concanavalin A-purified enzyme was used in all subsequent exp...

Bioconversion (biotransformation) experiments on arenes (aromatic compounds), including various tricyclic fused aromatic compounds such as fluorene, dibenzofuran, dibenzothiophene, carbazole, acridene, and phenanthridine, were done using the cells of Escherichia coli transformants expressing several arene dioxygenase genes. E. coli carrying the phenanthrene dioxygenase (phdABCD) genes derived f...

The denitrifying bacterium Thauera aromatica strain AR-1 grows anaerobically with protocatechuate (3,4-dihydroxybenzoate (DHB)) as sole energy and carbon source. This bacterium harbors two distinct pathways for degradation of aromatic compounds, the benzoyl-coenzyme A (CoA) pathway for benzoate degradation and the hydroxyhydroquinone (HHQ) pathway for degradation of 3,5-DHB. In order to elucida...

In the crystal structure of the reduced form of the wild-type human peroxiredoxin 5, the presence of a benzoate ion in direct interaction with the peroxidatic cysteine (Cys 47) appeared as a rather intriguing feature since it is known that the benzoate ion can play the role of a specific hydroxyl radical scavenger. The crystal structure of the C47S mutant of the same enzyme has been crystallize...

A quantitative capillary assay was used to show that aromatic acids, compounds that are chemorepellents for Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp., are chemoattractants for Pseudomonas putida PRS2000. The most effective attractants were benzoate; p-hydroxybenzoate; the methylbenzoates; m-, p-, and o-toluate; salicylate; DL-mandelate; beta-phenylpyruvate; and benzoylformate. The chemotactic respons...

Cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) is one of the most destructive insect pests on many crops in the world that has been found to develop resistance against conventional insecticides. Using insecticides with different modes of action may result in appropriate control of the pest and delay insecticide resistance development. In this study, lethal and sublethal effects of emamectin ben...

context food spoilage has been a common problem throughout history, and much of the spoilage is caused the activity of microorganisms or enzymatic reactions during the storage of food. thus, using chemical substances could prevent or delay food spoilage and this has led to the great success of these compounds in the treatment of human diseases. sodium benzoate is one of the synthetic additives ...

Three novel multiflorane-type triterpenoids, 3α-p-nitrobenzoylmultiflora-7:9(11)-diene-29-benzoate (1), 3α-acetoxymultiflora-7:9(11)-diene-29-benzoate (2), and 3α-acetoxymultiflora-5(6):7:9(11)-triene-29-benzoate (3), along with two known related compounds 4 and 5 were isolated from the seeds of zucchini (Cucurbita pepo L). Their structures were determined on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR spectros...

Oestrous synchronization involves synchronization of ovarian follicular turnover, new wave emergence, and finally induction of ovulation. The final step can be synchronized by the parenteral administration of either GnRH or oestradiol benzoate. This study investigated corpus luteum and follicular emergence after ovulation had been induced by the administration of either GnRH or oestradiol benzo...