TREATMENT of bleeding esophageal varices remains a difficult problem. A significant number of patients with this condition are not suitable for emergency portasystemic venous shunt operations. Recent reports describe the usefulness of dilated umbilical veins in humans as an entry to the portal system for hepatoportography.1 7,8 XWhite,13 Piccone,9 and Christophersen 2 and co-workers used the um...

A-16686, a new glycoproteide antibiotic from Actinoplanes sp., was evaluated as a potential antiplaque agent in comparison with chlorhexidine, benzalkonium chloride, and cetylpyridinium chloride. A-16686 had good activity against gram-positive organisms associated with dental plaque (various streptococci, Streptococcus mutans in particular, lactobacilli, Actinomyces viscosus, and Actinomyces na...

To drug-free urine specimens, we added the following drugs of abuse to give concentrations twice the cutoff value for positive test results: 11-nor-9-carboxy-delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (9-carboxy-THC), oxazepam, secobarbital, morphine, benzoylecgonine, amphetamine, or phencyclidine (PCP). Visine was then added. Although measured concentrations of several drugs were decreased in the presence o...

The global gene expression and biomolecular composition in an Escherichia coli model strain exposed to 10 adverse conditions (sodium chloride, ethanol, glycerol, hydrochloric and acetic acid, sodium hydroxide, heat (46 degrees C), and cold (15 degrees C), as well as ethidium bromide and the disinfectant benzalkonium chloride) were determined using DNA microarrays and Fourier transform infrared ...

A storage test on chlorhexidine gluconate (0.004%) in aqueous or simulated contact lens solutions, conducted for 6 months in various containers, suggested [l] that loss of activity by a surface adsorption process was occurring. It has been reported [2] that contact lens solutions containing chlorhexidine gluconate (0.~5%) stored at room temperature in the dark for 6 months in polypropylene, pol...

PURPOSE This study evaluated the cytotoxicity of five prostaglandin analog ophthalmic solutions on four ocular surface cell lines, ie, Chang (human conjunctiva), SIRC (rabbit cornea), RC-1 (rabbit cornea), and BCE C/D-1b (bovine cornea). METHODS Cell viability was measured by neutral red and MTT assays in cells treated for 10, 30, or 60 minutes with various doses of prostaglandins (undiluted,...

The food-borne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes is able to form biofilms in food processing environments. Since biofilms are generally difficult to eradicate during clean-up procedures, they pose a major risk for the food industry. Stress resistance mechanisms involved in L. monocytogenes biofilm formation and disinfectant resistance have, to our knowledge, not been identified thus far. In this ...

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of three cavity disinfectants (chlorhexidine gluconate-based. Consepsis; benzalkonium chlorite-based, Tubulicid red; sodium hypochlorite based-Chlorcid V on the self -etch dentine bonding agent ( Adeper Easy One,3M ESPE ) under SEM. Method and materials: 30 Class V cavity preparations were prepared on the buccal surfaces of extracted mandibu...

The paradoxical bronchoconstriction observed with commercially available isotonic ipratropium bromide nebuliser solution (Atrovent) in patients with asthma results from an adverse reaction to the preservatives, benzalkonium chloride and ethylenediaminetetra-acetic acid (EDTA). The airway response to inhaled Atrovent and preservative free ipratropium bromide nebuliser solutions has been examined...