Carbon–carbon bond formation is the core of organic synthesis, in which organometallic reagents play key role forms 1,2-nucleophilic additions, conjugate and transition-metal catalyzed cross-couplings. These reactions have enabled production a wide range molecules our society. Despite enormous power chemical they inherent drawbacks eyes future sustainability. This account summarizes efforts ove...

The benchmarking concept is not new in the field of computing or computer networking. With “benchmarking tools”, one usually refers to a program or set of programs, used to evaluate the performance of a solution under certain reference conditions, relative to the performance of another solution. Since the 1970s, benchmarking techniques have been used to measure the performance of computers and ...

Nanoparticle-based delivery systems provide new opportunities to overcome the limitations associated with traditional small-molecule drug therapy for cancer and to achieve both therapeutic and diagnostic functions in the same platform. Preclinical trials are generally designed to assess therapeutic potential and not to optimize the design of the delivery platform. Consequently, progress in deve...

This paper aims at assessing the supply chain and innovation management in the manufacturing industries in Turkey on an empirical basis. The assessments presented are based on parts of the data and information collected through the execution of the Competitive Strategies and Best Practices Benchmarking Questionnaire in 82 companies from four sectors of the manufacturing industries in Turkey. Re...

Background Benchmarking as “The continuous process of measuring our products, services and practices against our toughest competitors or those companies known as leaders” is an national and international effort among Emergency Medicine Departmemts (EMD). Qualitative and quantitative measures are systematically collected as arguments for change in services according to the principles of the lear...

Allostery allows for the fine-tuning of protein function. Targeting allosteric sites is gaining increasing recognition as a novel strategy in drug design. The key challenge in the discovery of allosteric sites has strongly motivated the development of computational methods and thus high-quality, publicly accessible standard data have become indispensable. Here, we report benchmarking data for e...

In this paper, we first carry out an investigation on two existing pivot strategies for statistical machine transliteration, namely system-based and model-based strategies, to figure out the reason why the previous model-based strategy performs much worse than the system-based one. We then propose a joint alignment algorithm to optimize transliteration alignments jointly across source, pivot an...

This paper investigates digital data hiding schemes. The concept of information hiding will be explained at first, and its traits, requirements, and applications will be described subsequently. In order to design a digital data hiding system, one should first become familiar with the concepts and criteria of information hiding. Having knowledge about the host signal, which may be audio, image, ...