Minimalism is our name for the dominant liberal perspective on public policy implementation in contemporary legal scholarship. Minimalism emphasizes public interventions that incorporate market concepts and practices and that centralize and minimize administrative discretion. This essay appraises Minimalism in relation to a competing liberal view of the administrative state. Experimentalism emp...

In recent years, it has become common for opponents of environmental action to argue that the scientific basis for purported harms is uncertain, unreliable, and fundamentally unproven. In response, many scientists believe that their job is to provide the “proof” that society needs. Both the complaint and the response are misguided. In all but the most trivial cases, science does not produce log...

This paper examines the possible influence of podcasting on the traditional lecture in higher education. Firstly, it explores some of the benefits and limitations of the lecture as one of the dominant forms of teaching in higher education. The review then moves to explore the emergence of podcasting in education and the purpose of its use, before examining recent relevant literature about podca...

the aim of this study was to investigate those factors influencing the enjoyment of sport management masters of iran universities of technology and its comparison with turkey universities. the statistical sample consisted of 84 and 66 sport management masters from iran and turkey respectively. the method of research was descriptive and analytical survey. the standard questionnaire (?=0.81) at t...

background: diabetes is a common disease that can lead to metabolic abnormalities and chronic complications. today, the positive role of physical activity and exercise, especially walking in health human society and has been approved in prevention and control many complications including diabetes. today, the positive role of physical activities and exercise , especially hi wal king in the healt...

Statistical methods for spoken dialogue management Blaise Thomson Spoken dialogue systems provide a mechanism for interacting with computers that is both natural and effective for human use. This thesis describes a practical framework for building these systems based on the Partially Observable Markov Decision Process (POMDP). The underlying belief state is represented by a dynamic Bayesian Net...

We examine the role of off-path “superstitions” in macro-economics, and show how a false belief about off-path play is the key element underlying both the Lucas Critique and the game-theoretic concept of self-confirming equilibrium. However, the impact of false beliefs in these two cases is different: In the Lucas case, a policy maker’s incorrect beliefs about off-path play can lead to the adop...