Wind erosion in agricultural soils is dependent, in part, on the aerodynamic roughness length (z0) produced by tillage ridges. Although previous studies have related z0 to ridge characteristics (ridge height (RH) and spacing (RS)), these relationships have not been tested for tillage ridges observed in the North African agricultural fields. In these regions, due to climate and soil conditions, ...

The Nye model of jökulhlaups is able to explain both their periodicity and even the detailed shape of the flood hydrograph. In this paper, we show how the model can be used to predict the shape of the hydrographs from the subglacial lake Grı́msvötn beneath Vatnajökull in Iceland, and we comment on three particular issues that have proved contentious in the application of the Nye model: the role ...

Appropriate surface wettability and roughness of biomaterials is an important factor in cell attachment and proliferation. In this study, we investigated the correlation between surface wettability and roughness, and biological response in human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs). We prepared wettable and rough gradient polyethylene (PE) surfaces by increasing the power of a radio frequency co...

Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers (ADCP’s) are easier to apply and more rapidly collect velocity data than traditional current-meter instruments. However, flow discharge estimates in natural rivers and canals based on ADCP measurements rely on extrapolations of the measured velocity profiles into the unmeasured zones of the flow. Furthermore, the accuracy and reliability of ADCP’s have not bee...

As one of the powder bed fusion additive manufacturing technologies, electron beam melting (EBM) is gaining more and more attention due to its near-net-shape production capacity with low residual stress and good mechanical properties. These characteristics also allow EBM built parts to be used as produced without post-processing. However, the as-built rough surface introduces a detrimental infl...

Metallic nanostructures are widely used for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). Nanoscale surface corrugation significantly affects the localized plasmon response and the subsequent Raman intensity of the molecules in close proximity to the nanostructures. Experimentally, the surface roughness of metal films can be controlled by adjusting the deposition conditions, and the resulting loc...

The polycrystalline nature of the metal gate and the corresponding non-uniformity in the gate workfunction results in statistical variability in MOSFETs with high-!/metal gate stacks. Here the impact of the workfunction variation (WFV) associated with different gate grain orientations on the threshold voltage variation in a test bed 35 nm nMOSFETs is studied in details using full scale 3D numer...