Background & Aims: Spiritual healthcare team members, especially nurses, play a key role in providing holistic care. Spiritual wellbeing in students is essential to identifying the spiritual needs of patients and their spiritual support. Characteristics such as spiritual intelligence influence the attitude of individuals toward spiritual matters, as well as their spiritual wellbeing. The presen...

learning a second or foreign language requires the manipulation of four main skills, namely, listening, reading, speaking, and writing which lead to effective communication. it is obvious that vocabulary is an indispensible part of any communication, so without a vocabulary, no meaningful communication can take place and meaningful communication relies heavily on vocabulary. one fundamental fac...

In his book Man La-Yadhiraho al-Faqih, Sheikh al-Saduq reports a group of traditions whose common theme is the permission and lawfulness of work. By accepting this group of traditions he founds a rule on whose base he issues his personal judgment. This rule which is called “permission” (rukhsat) in the literature of Sheikh al-Saduq is one of the methods which he uses in solving the ...

introduction acetic acid bacteria are large group of obligate aerobic gram negative bacteria with the ability to oxidize ethanol to acetic acid (1). they are widely distributed in natural habitats and classified in family acetobacteraceae. members of this family are useful in industrial production of vinegar(2). acetic acid bacteria (aab) can use substrates as glucose, ethanol, lactate or glyc...