Background: in radiation treatment of moving targets located in thorax region of patient body, the delivered dose does not match with the planned treatment, resulting in some over and under dosage in the tumor volume, as a function of motion magnitude and frequency. Several efforts have been done to investigate the target motion effects on dose distribution in the target and surrounding normal ...

The Rytov theory is applied to find the wave structure function of a laser beam transmitted from one satellite to another and propagating through the turbulent atmosphere. The phase-screen approximation is used. Taking into account refractive-index anisotropy, outer scale, and atmospheric mean-refraction defocusing, we provide expressions of the wave structure function for a spherical wave. The...

We present a detailed study of chemical freeze-out in p-p, C-C, Si-Si and Pb-Pb collisions at beam momenta of 158A GeV as well as Pb-Pb collisions at beam momenta of 20A, 30A, 40A and 80A GeV. By analyzing hadronic multiplicities within the statistical hadronization model, we have studied the parameters of the source as a function of the number of the participating nucleons and the beam energy....

Abstract Based on the kinetic approach, this work investigates stability of system consisting a fast electron beam and dense plasma at an arbitrary (anisotropic) velocity distribution function. It is shown that during interaction with cold plasma, both conditions for losing growth rate disturbances do not depend form function (EDF) are determined only by ratio energy to mean in plasma. With inc...

Beam broadening effects on the Doppler radar spectrum induced by alongand cross-radar-beam winds are theoretically investigated in this article. Analytical expression of beam broadening spectrum for a vertical beam subject to a constant vertical wind in the absence of horizontal wind is derived first. We find that the resultant beam broadening spectral shape is in an exponential form, rather th...

A method is given by which the response of a rotating or non-rotating Timoshenko beam can be determined, subjected to an accelerating fixed direction distributed surface force. The beam mode1 includes the gyroscopically induced displacement transverse to the direction of the load. The solution for pinned supports is set up using multi-integral transforms, and the inversion is expressed in terms...

We present a detailed study of chemical freeze-out in p-p, C-C, Si-Si and Pb-Pb collisions at beam momenta of 158A GeV as well as Pb-Pb collisions at beam momenta of 20A, 30A, 40A and 80A GeV. By analyzing hadronic multiplicities within the statistical hadronization model, we have studied the parameters of the source as a function of the number of the participating nucleons and the beam energy....

Experimental data on analyzing power for inclusive meson and baryon production in hadron-proton(polarized) collisions have been analyzed. It is found that the existing data can be described by a simple function of collision energy ( √ s), transverse momentum (pT ) and a new scaling variable xA = E/E BEAM . At beam energies above 40 GeV and pT above 1 GeV/c the analyzing power is described by a ...

We have developed an e cacious algorithm for simulation of the beam-beam interaction in synchrotron colliders based on the nonlinear f method, where f is the much smaller deviation of the beam distribution from the slowly evolving main distribution f0. In the presence of damping and quantum uctuations of synchrotron radiation it has been shown that the slowly evolving part of the distribution f...