Electron beam irradiation can be used to improve the mechanical properties of polymers. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of electron beam irradiation with an energy dose of 100 kGy on the mechanical properties and colour stability of conventional polymer brackets and experimental filled composite brackets. The conventional brackets tested were Aesthetik-Line, Brillant, and...

Recently, it was proposed to use negatively charged electron beams for compensation of beam-beam effects due to protons in the Tevatron collider [1]. We show that a similar compensation is possible in space-charge dominated low energy proton beams. The idea has a potential of several-fold increase of the FNAL Booster beam brightness. Best results will be obtained using three electron lenses aro...

A prototype thermionic electron gun for a high-brightness X-ray generator has been developed. Its extraction voltage and design current are 60 kV and 100 mA (DC), respectively. The X-ray generator aims towards a maximum brilliance of 60 kW mm(-2). The beam sizes at the rotating anticathode must therefore be within 1.0 mm x 0.1 mm and a small beam emittance is required. The fabricated electron g...

Introduction: Today, radiotherapy combined with surgery in the treatment of parotid tumors widely are used specially for high grade parotid tumors. One of concern and challenge issue of radiotherapy is that the treatment of these tumors with irregular surface due to the presence of external ear and region of different physical electron density (air cavities, dense bone, soft t...

Background: Understanding of the incident electron energy and angular distributions from clinical electron accelerators (linacs) is important for dosimetry and treatment planning. The most important goals of this study were to evaluate the energy fluence and angular distributions of electron beams from a Neptun 10PC linac using the Monte Carlo (MC) code. Materials and Methods: The lina...

The high quality LCLS electron beam generated in the photoinjector is subject to many instabilities in the downstream acceleration and compression. The instability can be initiated by any density modulation of the electron beam generated at the photocathode. In this paper, we prescribe the tolerance on the initial electron beam density modulation possibly introduced by the ultraviolet (uv) lase...

A very simple pinhole camera set-up has been built to diagnose the electron beam emittance of the ESRF. The pinhole is placed in the air next to an Al window. An image is obtained with a CCD camera imaging a fluorescent screen. The emittance is deduced from the size of the image. The relationship between the measured beam size and the electron beam emittance depends upon the lattice functions a...

In transmission electron microscopy (TEM) the interaction of an electron beam with polymers such as P3HT:PCBM photovoltaic nanocomposites results in electron beam damage, which is the most important factor limiting acquisition of structural or chemical data at high spatial resolution. Beam effects can vary depending on parameters such as electron dose rate, temperature during imaging, and the p...

OBJECTIVE Development of a technique for treating whole-body skin using linear accelerator with electron beam energy of 6-MeV at a short treatment distance. MATERIAL AND METHODS The 6 MeV high dose rate total skin electron irradiation mode on a linear accelerator was used. Beam profiles and percentage depth doses in the patient plane were measured for different beam angulations. RESULTS At ...

The ionizing radiation of livestock wastewater for the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus was studied in the presence of a natural zeolite. The feasibility of a combined process of zeolite ion exchange and electron beam irradiation of livestock wastewater was also investigated. The removal efficiencies of NH4-N, T-N and T-P were significantly enhanced by electron beam irradiation after zeolite ...