A common modeling assumption in the realm of cost sharing is that players persuade each other to jointly submit false bids if none of the members of such a coalition loses utility and at least one gains. In order to counteract this kind of manipulation, the service provider could employ group-strategyproof (GSP) mechanisms that elicit truthful bids. The basically only general technique for the ...

background and purpose: basic medical sciences, not only in its traditional form as basic sciences, but also in its modern forms like biotechnology and genetics has indicated a highly applicable potential in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of illnesses. therefore it is essential to improve basic sciences education quality, and because clinical students are in direct contact with medica...

“To be, or not to be? That is the question.” William Shakespeare, The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark (1599-1602). Viral infection triggers host defense mechanisms that include the production of type I interferon (IFN) and the induction of apoptosis. Type I IFN, such as IFN-α and IFN-β, establishes the antiviral state to inhibits viral replication within infected cells, whereas apoptosis o...

The activation of lymphocytes and development of adaptive immune responses is initiated by the engagement of TCRs by antigenic peptide-MHC complexes and shaped at the clonal level by both positive and negative costimulatory signals. The B7 family members are involved at several stages in this process. In this issue of the JCI, Vogt et al. show that the B7 family-related protein V-set and Ig dom...

Suicidal ideation is a key concept to prevent suicide [1]. South Korea marks the highest record for suicidal attempts within the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries [2]. Suicide, along with cancer and cardiovascular diseases is one of the leading causes of death in Korea. It is also the first leading cause of death for teens and people in their 20s, second fo...

in July 2009, two research groups indep­ endently reported the first successful generation of adult mice from induced pluripotent stem cells (ipScs; Kang et al, 2009; zhao et al, 2009). these experiments are part of ongoing research into the dif­ ferences and similarities between ipScs— which are derived from normal somatic cells by the activation of certain key genes—and embryonic stem cells (...

Translational Research means different things to different people, but it seems crucial to almost everyone. This discipline, although defined differently in academia, regulatory institutions, and industry, shares the fundamental vision of Translational Medicine, which efficiently and effectively translates basic scientific findings relevant to human disease into knowledge that benefits patients...