In this paper, we consider global asymptotic properties for an age-structured model of heroin use based on the principles of mathematical epidemiology where the incidence rate depends on the age of susceptible individuals. The basic reproduction number of the heroin spread is obtained. It completely determines the stability of equilibria. Using the direct Lyapunov method with Volterra type Lyap...

INTRODUCTION Repeatability of experiments is an important criterion of modern research and a major challenge for homeopathic basic research. There is no recent overview about basic research studies in high homeopathic potencies that have been subjected to laboratory-internal, multicenter or independent repetition trials. METHODS We considered biochemical, immunological, botanical, cell biolog...

Abstract
 This research attempted to investigate the effects of double dose vaccination in a non-linear mathematical model Covid-19 infections with special compartments class termed first and second vaccination. The basic reproduction number was obtained, stability analyzed, sensitivity analysis also carried out. Of interest is numerical simulation where impacts contact rate, were studied....

A final size relation is derived for a general class of epidemic mod els, including models with multiple susceptible classes. The derivation depends on an explicit formula for the basic reproduction number of a general class of disease transmission models, which is extended to calculate the basic reproduction number in models with vertical transmission. Applications are given to specific models...

Abstract. In this paper, a predator-prey-disease model with immune response in the infected prey is formulated. The basic reproduction number of the within-host model is defined and it is found that there are three equilibria: extinction equilibrium, infection-free equilibrium and infection-persistent equilibrium. The stabilities of these equilibria are completely determined by the reproduction...

In this paper, we analyze a mathematical model of tuberculosis (TB) epidemics for stability with respect to the basic reproduction number Ro. The basic reproduction number Ro is determined. We give criteria for stability of the disease – free equilibrium (DFE) and the endemic equilibrium

As is well known, the “conventional wisdom” that successful parasites have to become benign is not based on exact evolutionary analysis. Rather than minimizing virulence, selection works to maximize a parasite’s reproduction ratio (see Box 9.1). If the rate of transmission is linked to virulence (defined here as increased mortality due to infection), then selection may in some circumstances lea...

The aim of this study was to evaluate vaccine efficacy of a commercial vaccine (Startvac, Hipra Spain) aimed at reducing intramammary infections (IMI) with Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci under field conditions. During the 21-mo duration of the study, 1,156 lactations from 809 cows were enrolled in 2 herds. During the first phase of the trial, all cows that were due t...

We present a combined epidemiological and economic model for control of diseases spreading on local and small-world networks. The disease is characterized by a pre-symptomatic infectious stage that makes detection and control of cases more difficult. The effectiveness of local (ring-vaccination or culling) and global control strategies is analysed by comparing the net present values of the comb...

Due to the probable role played by rodents as a reservoir for the transmission of the EMC virus to pigs, the experiment reported here was performed in order to assess the transmission rate of EMCV within a rat population. Twenty-five eight-week-old Wistar rats housed in individual plastic cages were experimentally infected either with a Greek myocardial EMCV strain (5 rats with a 0.2 x 10(6) TC...