A {em Roman dominating function} on a graph $G$ is a function$f:V(G)rightarrow {0,1,2}$ satisfying the condition that everyvertex $u$ for which $f(u) = 0$ is adjacent to at least one vertex$v$ for which $f(v) =2$. {color{blue}A {em restrained Roman dominating}function} $f$ is a {color{blue} Roman dominating function if the vertices with label 0 inducea subgraph with no isolated vertex.} The wei...

Neural network modeling typically ignores the role of knowledge in learning by starting from random weights. A new algorithm extends cascade-correlation by recruiting previously learned networks as well as single hidden units. Knowledge-based cascade-correlation (KBCC) finds, adapts, and uses its relevant knowledge to speed learning. In this paper, we describe KBCC and illustrate its performanc...

Kernel Based Regression (KBR) minimizes a convex risk over a possibly infinite dimensional reproducing kernel Hilbert space. Recently it was shown that KBR with a least squares loss function may have some undesirable properties from a robustness point of view: even very small amounts of outliers can dramatically affect the estimates. KBR with other loss functions is more robust, but often gives...

Recently it was shown that Kernel Based Regression (KBR) with a least squares loss function may have some undesirable properties from a robustness point of view: even very small amounts of outliers can dramatically affect the estimates. KBR with other loss functions is much more robust, but often gives rise to complicated computations (e.g. for Huber or logistic losses). In classical statistics...

Detecting outliers in database (as unusual objects) using Minimum Spanning Tree is a big desire. It is an important task in wide variety of application areas. In this paper we propose Minimum Spanning Tree based algorithm for detecting outliers. The outliers are detected in the data set based on weight function value (MSTWF). If the noticeable changes occurred in the weight function value, the ...

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) is a public health problem worldwide. increased energy and protein needs, decreased energy and protein intake are common in copd patients. adequate intake is essential to improve pulmonary function and immune system, prevention of weight loss and maintaining muscle mass and strength. assessment of energy and protein intake and its relationship with p...