in this paper the role of appropriate methods for culture based design would be discussed. the main argumentation of the article is based on possibility of causal layered analysis as a method for culture based design, so that deep layers of cultural cognition would be grasped . based on this, two pilot experiments have been conducted and some comments for further studies have been introduced. t...

hospitals’ bed productivity has a remarkable effect on health system performance. the pabon lasso model (plm) is a useful tool for evaluation of inpatient beds performance and there is a growing trend in use of this technique in hospital performance evaluation. the aim of this study is to review the literature on plm to gain insight into quality the results of these studies. by adopting a syste...

according to studies by 2050 more than 15 percent of world people, most of them are in the middle east and africa will experience severe water crisis. future water crisis is one of the most potential for international conflict and security challenges that have the potential to become a major international crisis. iran as a country with abundant water stress and is located in the critical region...

background: we are living in an era in which different branches of science are growing very rapidly. therefore, retrieving and summarizing all new valid findings on a specific subject is one of the most important priorities of scientists. the aim of the present article is to categorize different review studies within the health domain based on their approach to retrieving and summarizing origin...

population-based genetic association studies have proven to be a powerful tool in identifying genes implicated in many complex human diseases that have a huge impact on public health. an essential quality control step in such studies is to undertake hardy-weinberg equilibrium (hwe) calculations. deviations from hwe in the control group may reflect important problems including selection bias, po...

rna extraction is a prerequisite technique for gene expression studies, analyzing the etiology and disease progression, treatment effects, as well as designing the diagnostic methods. although many rna extraction kits have been commercialized, but these kits are expensive and are not accessible in some countries. many studies have shown that trizol is an applicable material for the rna extracti...