Advances in human computation bring the feasibility of utilizing human capabilities as services. On the other hand, we have witnessed emerging collective adaptive systemswhich are formed fromheterogeneous types of compute units to solve complex problems. The recently introduced Social Compute Units (SCUs) present one type of these systems, which have human-based services as their core fundament...

This paper consists of a survey of current, and past, work on program transformation for the purpose of optimization. We first discuss some of the general methodological frameworks for program modification, such as analogy, explanation based learning, partial evaluation, proof theoretic optimization, and the unfold/fold technique. These frameworks are not mutually exclusive, and the latter, unf...

This article describes some work in the domain of application execution time prediction, which is always necessary for schedulers. We define a hybrid method of time prediction that is both profile-based and historic-based. This prediction is achieved by combining a program structure analysis with an instance-based learning method. We demonstrate that taking account of an application's profile i...