land cover map is important for many urban planning and management activities. in this study, in order to produce land cover map of arak city, digital image of liss-iii scanner acquired on 16 june 2006 were employed. first of all, geometric correction with rmse 0.58 pixel was applied. considering the mountainous condition of the study area, topographic correction was applied to the image. in su...

Global climate change has accelerated the pace of glacial retreat in high-latitude and high-elevation environments, exposing lands that remain devoid of vegetation for many years. The exposure of 'new' soil is particularly apparent at high elevations (5000 metres above sea level) in the Peruvian Andes, where extreme environmental conditions hinder plant colonization. Nonetheless, these seemingl...

In studies like change analysis, the availability of very high resolution (VHR)/high resolution (HR) imagery for a particular period and region is a challenge due to the sensor revisit times and high cost of acquisition. Therefore, most studies prefer lower resolution (LR) sensor imagery with frequent revisit times, in addition to their cost and computational advantages. Further, the classifica...

The proposals have also drawn anger from the energy industry. Kathleen Sgamma, a director of the Western Energy Alliance, which represents 400 oil and natural-gas companies, said the new policy could block some promising lands from drilling. “They’re treating lands arbitrarily as de facto wildernesses,” she said. And Dean Heller, a Republican representative from Nevada, said: “The message of th...

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Warming temperatures cause temporal changes in growing seasons and prey abundance that drive earlier breeding by birds, especially dietary specialists within homogeneous habitat. Less is known about how generalists respond to climate-associated shifts in growing seasons or prey phenology, which may occur at different rates across land cover types. We studied whether breeding phenology of a gene...

Spectral band differences are a critical issue for progressing into an integrated earth observation framework and in particular, in sensor intercalibration. The differences are currently normalized using spectral band adjustment factor (SBAF) that is generated from hyperspectral data. In this context, the current study proposes a method for calculating moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiome...

Desert pavement is a distinctive feature widespread across arid lands of the world. It plays a dynamic role in geomorphic, hydrologic, and ecologic processes. Where desert pavement predominates, infiltration is limited and rainfall is delivered as runoff to nearby bare ground areas where shrubs cluster. Desert pavement surfaces may appear monotonously flat and barren, but we have found, instead...