Introduction. Let A be a commutative semi-simple Banach algebra and let A(.4) be the set of nonzero multiplicative functionals on A. Denote by A' the strongly closed span of A(^4) and by A" the Banach space adjoint of A'. Modifying a construction of R. Arens [l] we introduce a multiplication in A" under which A" becomes a commutative Banach algebra. A is algebraically isomorphic to a subalgebra...

Let A be a Banach algebra. We call a pair (G,A) a Gelfand theory for A if the following axioms are satisfied: (G 1) A is a C∗-algebra, and G : A → A is a homomorphism; (G 2) the assignment L 7→ G−1(L) is a bijection between the sets of maximal modular left ideals of A and A, respectively; (G 3) for each maximal modular left ideal L of A, the linear map GL : A/G−1(L) → A/L induced by G has dense...

The purpose of this article is to develop the notions of amenabilityfor vector valued group algebras. We prove that L1(G, A) is approximatelyweakly amenable where A is a unital separable Banach algebra. We givenecessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a left invariant meanon L∞(G, A∗), LUC(G, A∗), WAP(G, A∗) and C0(G, A∗).

We give an example of an amenable, radical Banach algebra, relying on results from non-abelian harmonic analysis due to H. Leptin, D. Poguntke and J. Boidol. Let A be a Banach algebra, and let E be a Banach A-module. A bounded linear map D : A → E is called a a derivation if D(ab) = a.Db+ (Da).b (a, b ∈ A). A derivation D : A → E is said to be inner if Da = x.a− a.x (a ∈ A) for some x ∈ E. For ...

We show that if T is an isometry (as metric spaces) from an open subgroup of the group of the invertible elements in a unital semisimple commutative Banach algebra onto an open subgroup of the group of the invertible elements in a unital Banach algebra, then T (1)T is an isometrical group isomorphism. In particular, T (1)T is extended to an isometrical real algebra isomorphism from A onto B.

An element u of a norm-unital Banach algebra A is said to be unitary if u is invertible in A and satisfies ‖u‖ = ‖u−1‖ = 1. The norm-unital Banach algebra A is called unitary if the convex hull of the set of its unitary elements is norm-dense in the closed unit ball of A . If X is a complex Hilbert space, then the algebra BL(X) of all bounded linear operators on X is unitary by the Russo–Dye th...

in this article we study two different generalizations of von neumann regularity, namely strong topological regularity and weak regularity, in the banach algebra context. we show that both are hereditary properties and under certain assumptions, weak regularity implies strong topological regularity. then we consider strong topological regularity of certain concrete algebras. moreover we obtain ...

Let B be a strictly real commutative real Banach algebra with the carrier space Φ B. If A is a commutative real Banach algebra, then we give a representation of a ring homomorphism ρ : A → B, which needs not be linear nor continuous. If A is a commutative complex Banach algebra, then ρ(A) is contained in the radical of B. 1. Introduction and results. Ring homomorphisms are mappings between two ...