Escherichia coli is one of the predominant species of facultative anaerobes in the human gut and usually harmless to the host; however, a group of pathogenic E. coli has emerged that causes diarrheal disease in humans. Referred to as Diarrheagenic E. coli (28) or commonly as pathogenic E. coli, these groups are classified based on their unique virulence factors and can only be identified by the...

The automation of segmentation of subcortical structures in the brain is an active research area. We have comprehensively evaluated four novel methods of fully automated segmentation of subcortical structures using volumetric, spatial overlap and distance-based measures. Two methods are atlas-based - classifier fusion and labelling (CFL) and expectation-maximisation segmentation using a brain a...

It is well known that cyclinB3 (cycB3) plays a key role in the control of cell cycle progression. However, whether cycB3 is involved in stem cell fate determination remains unknown. The Drosophila ovary provides an exclusive model for studying the intrinsic and extrinsic factors that modulate the fate of germline stem cells (GSCs). Here, using this model, we show that DrosophilacycB3 plays a ne...

Starch is the most widespread and abundant storage carbohydrate in plants. It is also a major feature of cultivated bananas as it accumulates to large amounts during banana fruit development before almost complete conversion to soluble sugars during ripening. Little is known about the structure of major gene families involved in banana starch metabolism and their evolution compared to other spe...

Photodynamic therapy is recently developed as an effective treatment for malignant disease. The therapeutic effect depends on the properties of the photosensitizers. Among the novel photosensitizers we have synthesized, the unsymmetrical bisamino phthalocyanine, SiPc[C3H5(NMe2)2O](OMe) (BAM-SiPc) is particularly active in the HepG2 cell culture model. Fluorescence microscopy has also indicated ...

In Escherichia coli, the BAM complex catalyzes the essential process of assembling outer membrane proteins (OMPs). This complex consists of five proteins: one membrane-bound protein, BamA, and four lipoproteins, BamB, BamC, BamD, and BamE. Despite their importance in OMP biogenesis, there is currently a lack of functional and structural information on the BAM complex lipoproteins. BamE is the s...

In the synchronous discrete model, the average memory capacity of bidirectional associative memories (BAMs) is compared with that of Hopfield memories, by means of a calculat10n of the percentage of good recall for 100 random BAMs of dimension 64x64, for different numbers of stored vectors. The memory capac1ty Is found to be much smal1er than the Kosko upper bound, which Is the lesser of the tw...

We present the cloning and characterization of mei-P26, a novel P-element-induced exchange-defective female meiotic mutant in Drosophila melanogaster. Meiotic exchange in females homozygous for mei-P26(1) is reduced in a polar fashion, such that distal chromosomal regions are the most severely affected. Additional alleles generated by duplication of the P element reveal that mei-P26 is also nec...

Antibodies were produced against myosins isolated from the left atrial myocardium (anti-bAm) and the left ventricular myocardium (anti-bVm) of the bovine heart. Cross-reactive antibodies were removed by cross-absorption. Absorbed anti-bAm and anti-bVm were specific for the myosin heavy chains when tested by enzyme immunoassay combined with SDS gel electrophoresis. Indirect immunofluorescence wa...

A classical bidirectional associative memory (BAM) suffers from low storage capacity and abundance of spurious memories though it has the properties of good generalization and noise immunity. In this paper, Hamming distance in recall procedure of usual asymmetrical BAM is replaced with modified Hamming distance by introducing weighting matrix into connection matrix. This generalization is valid...