North American family physicians leaving for less-developed countries (LDCs) may not be aware of internationally validated diagnostic and treatment technologies originating in LDCs. Thus they may bring with them inappropriate models and methods of medical care. More useful "exports" are based in sharing our collaborative vocational perspective with dedicated indigenous generalist clinicians who...

An open question in nuclear deterrence theory is whether and how the balance of military power affects the dynamics of escalation. The balance of military strength plays virtually no role in standard accounts of brinkmanship. But this largely by assumption and seems incompatible with an apparent trade-off between power and risk that decision makers faced in some actual crises. This paper incorp...

This paper discusses a quantitative simulation analysis on the impact of Japan’s FTAs in Asia using a CGE model of global trade. It has been argued that a regional FTA would be a step toward global trade liberalization rather than a final goal. In fact, it is shown that changes in sectoral trade balance and production would vary according to the partners in Japan’s FTAs in Asia deviating from t...

There are several ways to reduce GHG emissions. Governments may introduce climate policies which provide incentives to save energy or directly reduce emissions. Governments may also re-shape existing industrial or trade policies to reduce their negative impacts on GHG emissions. The case of trade policies is particularly interesting. Trade liberalization can foster economic development, thus in...

As one of the first countries to sign a Structural Adjustment Loan with the World Bank, Kenya spent much of the 1980s and 1990s liberalizing its economy. This reform program included significant changes in trade policy, as the country’s post-colonial import substitution policies were replaced with an outward-looking, export promotion program. Though the country achieved targeted successes in th...

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect trade balance, interest rates and capital inflows on rupiah exchange rate. data used is time series or in form years, namely from 1987 2019. This uses a quantitative approach by using error correction model (ECM) estimation method. analysis techniques include: stationarity test, cointegration short-term long-term ECM, classical assumption te...

Pollutants of Carbon flow virtually by streaming the Goods and services among the countries. Due to the Carbon Footprint (CFP) in economical divisions as well as subdivisions in Iran, the main objective of this paper is to specify the effects of Carbon footprint on import and export of various sections in the framework of Computable General Equilibrium Model. It’s used the social accounting mat...