Natural variation in gene expression (expression traits or e-traits) is increasingly used for the discovery of genes controlling traits. An important question is whether a particular e-trait is correlated with a phenotypic trait. Here, we examined the correlations between phenotypic traits and e-traits among 10 Arabidopsis thaliana accessions. We studied defense against Pseudomonas syringae pv ...

INTRODUCTION The aim of this in vitro study was to determine the sealing ability of orthograde ProRoot mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and calcium enriched mixture (CEM) cement as root-end filling materials. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty four extracted single-rooted human teeth were used. The samples were randomly divided into 3 experimental groups. In group A and B, 4 mm of WMTA and CEM cemen...

Efficacy of decontamination treatments in reducing microbial populations on cilantro and in improving its storage quality was investigated. Fresh-cut cilantro samples were washed with one of the five treatments: tap water, acidic electrolyzed water (AEW), aqueous ozone, chlorinated water, and aqueous ozone followed by AEW (sequential wash). Treated cilantro was packaged in polyethylene bags pre...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the time required by four different root canal medications coupled with the temporary filling material Cavit (ESPE, Seefeld, Germany) to prevent penetration of bacteria into the root canal. There were 145 roots prepared in a standardized manner. Four groups with 15 samples each were dressed with calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)(2)), a 5% chlorhexidine gel (CHX), a...

The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the effects of the use of calcium hydroxide as an intracanal dressing on the sealing ability of a thermoplastic synthetic polymer-based root filling (Resilon). Forty-seven single rooted teeth were decoronated and instrumented to ISO sizes 40. The teeth were randomly divided into three experimental groups of 15 roots each. Group 1 was immedia...

background: acute bacterial meningitis is among serious infections of the central nervous system (cns). the early diagnosis and empiric antibiotic treatments have led to a reduction in morbidity and mortality rates. pcr and the enzymatic digestion of 16s rdna fragment following the pcr by universal primers led up fast and sensitive determination. the aims of the present study was to improve our...

OBJECTIVE To determine the integrity of microscope covers and bacterial contamination at the end of lumbar spinal decompressive surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS A prospective study of 25 consecutive lumbar spinal decompressions with the use of a surgical microscope was performed. For detection of perforations, the microscope covers were filled with water at the end of surgery and the presence o...

leakage in water distribution networks causes waste of water and economical losses. in this paper a new method is presented to calculate nodal and pipes leakage in water distribution systems using capabilities of epanet2.10 software. the method estimate the total water losses in the system based on iwa methodology using minimum night flow (mnf) measurements. recognising the pressure dependency ...

Background: Although implants have shown to have a high success rate, clinicians are also called upon to encounter numerous complications and failures. Among the numerous reasons of failures, peri-implantitis is reported to account for 10% of the failures. As the oral cavity provides a natural habitat for various micro-organism due to its non-shedding surface, there is some evidence that gram-n...