For more than 20 years, dairy producers have been using low DCAD diets in their dry cow feeding programs to prevent milk fever and subclinical hypocalcemia during the transition period. The use of low DCAD diets in dry cows has virtually eliminated the incidence of milk fever in most dairy herds. While dairy producers are well aware of the importance of proper DCAD concentrations in the dry per...

Dietary cation-anion difference (DCAD) has been a topic of considerable research in dairy cows nutrition for the last 2 decades (NRC, 2001). Much of the early work addressed effects of DCAD on periparturient Ca metabolism and metabolic health of transition dairy cows (NRC, 2001; Block, 1994). Over roughly the same period time, some but less research focused on the effects of DCAD on lactational...

skin lesions were found in two 3–4-year-old holstein cows in a dairy farm in shiraz. lesions were distributed mostly around the neck, forelimbs, hindlimbs, and bilateral of midline portion and varied from nodule-like structure to patch with extensive accumulation of crust. skin scraping samples were taken from each animal and direct smears were prepared, stained with giemsa and observed under a...

no report has been published on the economical losses associated with errors in oestrus detection in cows under iranian intensive dairy management. the following study was carried out to determine the accuracy of oestrus detection by farmers using artificial insemination in shiraz dairy farms. milk samples were collected from 179 holstein milking cows at the time of artificial insemination. mil...

twelve (experiment i) and four (experiment ii) multiparous dairy cows seronegative to pestivirus were selected and randomly assigned to either a control group which did not become infected or a treatment group in which all cows became infected following intranasal inoculation 9 days before ai. the experimental induction of infection was carried out with 2 ml of non-cytopathic pestivirus (bvd vi...

Dairy cows are exposed to numerous hematological and biochemical changes, particularly in late gestation and early lactation. Various factors influence a metabolic profile in animals. Reliable indicators of metabolic profile and health status of dairy cows in peripartum period are haematological and biochemical parameters. A transitional period in dairy cows is followed by physiological, metabo...

Objective: Ceftiofur, a third-generation cephalosporin, is used as a usual antimicrobial drug in veterinary medicine. Positive efficiency of ceftiofur for treatment of retained fetal membrane (RFM) and acute puerperal metritis has been previously reported. Thus, this study was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of ceftiofur hydrochloride (CH) in prevention of uterine postpart...

BACKGROUND The Finnish dairy herd recording system maintains production and health records of cows and herds. Veterinarians and farmers register veterinary treatments in the system. Milk samples for microbiological analysis are routinely taken from mastitic cows. The laboratory of the largest dairy company in Finland, Valio Ltd., analyzes most samples using real-time PCR. This study addressed p...

The objective of this study was to examine the effect of an excess intake of quickly degradable nitrogen (QDN) on ovarian follicle development. Twenty lactating dairy cows were fed mixed silage and concentrates twice daily. The control diet was a typical ration for high producing dairy cows in the United Kingdom (crude protein (CP)=17.5%; metabolizable energy (ME)=11.8 MJ/kg DM). The cows were ...

To describe proportion and pattern of culling in commercial dairy herds of Khorasan Razavi Province, this survey was carried out from 21st March 2008 to 20th March 2009 in 15 industrialized dairy herds. For each culled cow data related to parity at culling, last calving to culling interval and primary reason for culling were recorded. Annual herd exit rate was 20.9%. Out of a total of 652 culle...