Open business models, whereby incumbent software firms share their intellectual property (IP) with third parties, have been increasingly used in business practices (Parker and Alstyne 2013). For example, BitPay, the largest payment processor for bitcoin (a cryptocurrency), shares its IP (source code) so that other startups can develop similar bitcoin payment software apps to accelerate the adop...

use the ‘‘handle,’’ likened to an open scroll, to steady the patch strip as it is loaded with aqueous antigens and applied to the patient’s back. The cotton tipped applicator can then be gently reverse rolled out of position once the patch test strip is applied. This method allows for decreased handling of the adhesive surface, increased stability of the patch and ultimately much less risk of a...

We propose a system that provides interactive denoising, vortex detection, and visualization of vector data. All the major phases of the system are implemented on a GPU (graphics processing unit). Once the vector field has been loaded onto the graphics adapter, no intermediate results need to be read back by the application. By taking advantage of modern GPUs’ parallel processing capabilities, ...

We document that banking deregulation increases competition, increased competition leads banks to offer lower initial rate on adjustable-rate mortgages (ARMs) to attract borrowers, but they also shroud these contracts by designing them with back-loaded resetting rates. Shrouding helps banks to offset about 73% of their losses from price discount due to competition. Deregulation increases the pr...

In this paper, we present two-way and four-way power dividers that operate in wideband over K-band. To maximize the integrability with other circuit blocks, the power dividers are designed in a purely digital CMOS technology without any RF back-end-of-line process. We discuss a design issue arising from the high loss of transmission lines in the digital process. A capacitor-loaded Wilkinson top...

alzheimer's disease (ad) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by memory and cognitive dysfunction due to neuronal cell loss in higher brain centers. senile plaques containing amyloid β (aβ) are associated with this disease as well as a reduction in cholinergic neuron numbers. tacrine is a reversible cholinesterase inhibitor in clinical use to treat moderate forms of ad. chit...

We require an economic system to cater to individual wants to the maximum possible extent expressed formally by means of an efficiency condition. Because the set of efficient outcomes is a function of individual preferences, a successful system must elicit information about those preferences. That desideratum, along with the fact that the information disclosed by an individual will be dictated ...

It is widely agreed the Anthropocene has seen an unprecedented decline in the natural resources conditions that have underpinned the economic growth of the last few hundred years. As communities, we have not responded to Boulding’s vision of ‘the coming space ship earth’ although not for want of much official and private effort. As ‘wicked problems’ the impacts have been often ignored or off lo...