BACKGROUND Microvessel density (MVD) is a measure of the extent of new blood vessel growth or angiogenesis, which is required for tumor progression. Increased MVD in primary breast cancers appears to adversely affect disease-free survival and overall survival in patients with breast cancer. However, the clinical implications of angiogenesis in breast cancer metastases have not been well studied...

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common type of gastrointestinal mesenchymal tumors, although metastasis to the perigastric lymph nodes is relatively rare, compared with liver or peritoneal metastasis. In this report, we describe a case of stomach GIST with a solitary simultaneous metastasis in the left axillary lymph node. A 68-year-old man was diagnosed with a large upper-...

Enlargement of lymph nodes can be due to a variety of benign and malignant causes. The most common malignant cause is invasive ductal carcinoma, which is usually visualized with mammography. Excluding breast cancer, other causes of abnormal lymph nodes that produce a negative mammogram include lymphoma, metastases from other malignancies, and benign etiologies such as inflammato...

Malignant adenomyoepithelioma of the breast is a rare tumour with around 30 cases reported in the literature. Metastases associated with these tumours are usually haematogenous. Axillary lymph node metastases are thought to be unusual, and it has been recently suggested that axillary node dissection is not indicated unless clinically palpable. We here present a case of a 63-year-old woman, who ...

There has been much debate as to whether muscle is present in normal lymph nodes and, if so, where. There are few records of muscle in abnormal lymph nodes. An incidental observation of muscular proliferation (Lott and Davies, this Journal, 1983, 98, 90-91) in an axillary node draining breast carcinoma prompted this further investigation. Examination by dissection microscopy and at higher magni...

Materials and Methods: Electronic medical records of 282 patients (467 breasts) undergoing mastectomy with immediate reconstruction at our institution from 2010–2012 were reviewed to collect clinical and post-operative data. Charts were analysed to determine the association between the absolute number of axillary lymph nodes removed and post reconstructive incidence of skin necrosis, cellulitis...

PURPOSE To investigate the significance of the cortex-hilum (CH) area ratio and longitudinal-transverse (LT) axis ratio and the blood flow pattern for diagnosis of metastatic axillary lymph nodes by ultrasound in breast cancer patients. METHODS From October 2005 to July 2006, we prospectively evaluated axillary nodes with ultrasound in 205 consecutive patients who had category 4B, 4C or 5 bre...

BACKGROUND The axillary nodal status is essential to determine the stage of disease at diagnosis. Our aim was to prospectively assess the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography-guided fine-needle aspiration (US-FNA) for the detection of metastasis in axillary lymph nodes in patients with breast cancer (BC) and its impact on the therapeutic decision. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ultrasonography (US) ...

Since the routine clinical use of the sentinel lymph node (SLN) procedure, questions have been raised concerning an increase in the overall percentage of node-positive patients. The goal of our study was to compare the sensitivity of the SLN procedure and the axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) for the identification of positive lymph nodes in breast cancer. The incidence of axillary node met...

we report a case of a 68-year-old female who was a known case of diabetes mellitus and chronic liver disease and presented with complaints of dry cough and other constitutional symptoms since one month. during initial investigations, the patient was found to have peripheral blood eosinophilia. upon investigating further,the patient was found to have mediastinal lymphadenopathy and fine-needle a...