AIM The present study was conducted to detect the musculature variations during axillary dissection for breast cancer surgery. METHODS The anatomy of axilla regarding muscular variations was studied in 50 patients who had an axillary dissection for the staging and treatment of invasive primary breast cancer over one year. RESULTS In a period of one year, two patients (4%) with axillary arch...

BACKGROUND The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) and the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) provide guidelines regarding axillary nodal evaluation in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), but data regarding national compliance with these guidelines remains incomplete. METHODS We conducted a retrospective review of the National Cancer Data Base (NCDB) analyzing all surgical app...

Objectives This study is aimed at comparing the functional outcome of axillary nerve neurotization by a triceps motor branch through the axillary approach and posterior arm approach. Methods The study included 27 patients with post-traumatic brachial plexus injury treated with axillary nerve neurotization by a triceps motor branch for functional recovery of shoulder abduction and external rot...

To develop a nomogram predicting probability of axillary pathologic complete response (pCR) in patients with cytologically proven axillary node-positive breast cancer who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC).The current management of axillary intervention in node-positive breast cancer patients who received NAC is axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) regardless of axillary pCR.We reviewed t...

BACKGROUND The axillary artery is frequently used for cardiopulmonary bypass, especially in acute aortic dissection. We have cannulated the axillary artery using a side graft or by directly using Seldinger's technique. The purpose of this study was to assess the technical problems and complications of both cannulation techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS From January 2003 to December 2009, 53 pa...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to quantify the length of the axillary nerve that is able to be dissected through a standard anterior (deltopectoral) and posterior approach. The authors hypothesize that a segment of the axillary nerve cannot be reached using both approaches simultaneously. METHODS Axillary nerves of five frozen cadavers were dissected using an anterior and posterior appr...

Background: Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed and the leading cause of cancer death among females worldwide. The rate of breast cancer incidence among Iranian women is 17% of all cancers, it has been ranked first in Iran. This study aimed to investigate the factors affecting axillary lymph node involvement in female patients with breast cancer. Methods: A cross-sectional study was c...

Introduction: Size of axillary lymph nodes can be a predictor for breast abnormalities. The agents in the antiperspirants such as Aluminum were observed in the breast biopsy of individual with abnormalities and antiperspirants usage. In this study, the relation between using antiperspirants and the size of axillary lymph nodes were evaluated in Iranian women. Methods: In this study, 120 wo...

BACKGROUND The axillary nerve may be injured during percutaneous fixation of proximal humerus fractures. This study investigated the kinematic behavior of the superior and inferior borders of the axillary nerve under varying shoulder positions. This information may reduce iatrogenic neurologic injury during fracture reduction and hardware placement. METHODS The lateral deltoid approach was pe...