BACKGROUND Animals are chronically infected by benign and beneficial microorganisms that generally promote animal health through their effects on the nutrition, immune function and other physiological systems of the host. Insight into the host-microbial interactions can be obtained by comparing the traits of animals experimentally deprived of their microbiota and untreated animals. Drosophila m...

background: molecular diversity of leishmania major and its morphological changes have become a controversial issue among researchers. some aspects of polymorphic shapes of amastigotes in clinical manifestations along with molecular variation were evaluated among suspected patients of some exceptional zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis locations in northern khuzestan, southwestern iran. methods: ...

The term leishmaniasis includes multiple clinical syndromes: visceral, cutaneous, and mucosal leishmaniasis, resulting from an infection of macrophages throughout the reticuloendothelial system in dermis naso-oropharyngeal mucosa, respectively. phenotype is mainly driven by leishmania biologic characteristics and, ultimately, also host immune status. disease endemic focal areas tropics, subtrop...

A new artificial nutritive medium has been developed for the axenic culture of Artemia enabling the production of adults in less than 1 wk. The techniques for its preparation have been detailed. Its utilization is recommended for the standardized production of experimental animals.

The 8-aminoquinoline tafenoquine showed significant in vitro activity against Leishmania species, including L. donovani amastigotes in macrophages, with 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC(50)s) between 0.1 and 4.0 μM for both pentavalent antimony (SbV)-sensitive and SbV-resistant strains and by oral administration in BALB/c mice, with 50% effective dose (ED(50)) values of 1.2 to 3.5 mg/kg for 5 ...

Ž . Axenic rotifers Brachionus plicatilis Muller were cultured under aseptic conditions; they ̈ Ž . were fed either a bacteria-free artificial diet AD , or axenic Isochrysis galbana, or a combination of axenic Chlorella minutissima and the bacteria-free AD. The medium was inoculated with commercial bacterial additives or cultured strains of marine bacteria. The highest improvements in Ž . growth...

A flow cytometric technique was developed for detection of amastigotes of the protozoan Leishmania infantum in human nonadherent monocyte-derived macrophages. The cells were fixed and permeabilized with paraformaldehyde-ethanol, and intracellular amastigotes were labeled with Leishmania lipophosphoglycan-specific monoclonal antibody. Results showed that flow cytometry provided accurate quantifi...