We propose a model for learning the articulated motion of human arm and hand grabbing. The goal is to generate plausible trajectories of joints that mimic the human movement using deformation information. The trajectories are then mapped to a constraint space. These constraints can be the space of start and end configuration of the human body and task-specific constraints such as avoiding an ob...

Rats were injected with either saline or 2 mg/kg of d-amphetamine 10 min prior to 50 trials of training with either the one-way, shuttle or shuttle-with-handling procedure. One-way training yielded more avoidances and shorter avoidance latencies than did either variant of shuttle training; it was not affected by the drug. The frequency of avoidances under shuttle training, on the other hand, wa...

Effects of a newly synthesized xanthine derivative propentofylline (3,7-dihydro-3-methyl-1-(5-oxohexyl)-7-propyl-1H-purine-2,6-dione) on learning and memory of rodents were examined in the two different paradigms. In a shuttle box active avoidance paradigm, propentofylline (25 mg/kg/day, p.o.) improved the decreased learning ability of 12-month-old spontaneously hypertensive rats. Normotensive ...

In line with previous research showing that animals predisposed to develop schedule-induced polydipsia when submitted to intermittent distribution of food show differential behavioural and neurochemical characteristics, the present experiments investigated the nature of defense reactions to aversive situations in rats that do or do not develop schedule-induced polydipsia. It was found that rats...

Introduction: Lead intoxication in children has been associated with neurodevelopment disabilities that may result in motor and cognitive impairment. The aim of the present study is to evaluate in long term effects of prenatal exposure to low-level Pb2+ on learning, memory and EEG. Materials & Methods: Rat pregnant were exposed to distilled water or 0.05, 0.1, 0.2 % of Pb-acetate in the dr...

Introduction: Zinc is an essential trace element that plays an important role in synaptic plasticity and modulating the activity of CNS and involve in learning and memory. Synaptic vesicle zinc in the hippocampus area exerting modulatory effects on NMDA glutamate receptor. Method: In this experiment the effects of NMDA agonist and antagonist administration intra hippocampus on passive avoidan...

Chapter 1 introduced psychopathy and evaluated theories attempting to explain this disorder. Experiment 1 assessed passive avoidance learning in children with psychopathic tendencies. Results replicated previous findings with psychopathic adults indicating that this disorder is associated with poor passive avoidance learning. Experiment 2 developed a connectionist model of passive avoidance lea...