heat transfer phenomena in batch fluidized bed dryer have been studied and analyzed using three phase model including solid phase, interstitial gas phase and bubble phase based on rizzi model. new correlations of heat transfer coefficient to surrounding and convection heat transfer coefficient between solid and interstitial gas are being proposed. in addition, some modifications have been done ...

This paper illustrates the relationship between Transmission Loading Relief (TLR) and Available Transfer Capability (ATC), and present possible approaches to reduce the need to invoke TLR procedures while improving the utilization of the transmission system. In open-access electricity markets the reservations of transmission services are based on the data resulting from the off-line computation...

The architecture of a data acquisition system utilizing the processing capability of a DSP chip has existed for many years. The ability to do this in a local loop in real time is available today with chips such as the Texas Instruments’1 floating-point TMS320C6713. The advantages of such an approach for real-time processing are many. But also of great interest is the ability for users to stream...

We have developed a novel physical model and a simulation algorithm capable of predicting electromigration (EM) induced void nucleation and growth in an arbitrary interconnect segment. Incorporation of all imp ortant atom migration causes into the mass balance equation and its coupled solution with the corresponding electromagnetics, heat transfer and elasticity problems has provided a capabili...

Stability limits place restrictions on the available transfer capability (ATC) of power systems. Calculation of these limits is therefore very important, but has traditionally been quite difficult. This paper proposes an iterative algorithm for determining parameter values which result in marginal stability of a system. (A system is marginally stable for a particular disturbance if the postdist...

The (p,t) transfer reaction is being studied for its potential use in surrogate reaction analyses. A theoretical model has been developed to predict spin-parity distributions of final states excited in the reaction. The model, after comparisons with experimental data, may provide a predictive capability to identify candidate isotopes for measurement. Preliminary results are presented for the Zr...

In this paper, an optimal power flow based approach has been applied for multi-transactions deregulated environment for ATC determination with SVC and STATCOM. The main contribution of the paper is (i) OPF based approach for evaluation of ATC with multi-transactions, (ii) ATC enhancement with FACTS devices viz. SVC and STATCOM for intact and line contingency cases, (iii) Impact of ZIP load on A...

Congestion cost allocation is an important issue in congestion management. This paper presents a genetic algorithm (GA) to determine the optimal generation levels in a deregulated market. The main issue is congestion in lines, which limits transfer capability of a system with available generation capacity. Nodal pricing method is used to determine locational marginal price (LMP) of each generat...

The optimal power flow based on available transfer capability proposed for contingent power systems. Generally, in power systems cost is the main objective. But in some areas cost is less importance such as under an emergency state of partial blackout. At that time transmission security is main objective. So, for transmission security, ATC is very useful. Maximizing ATC implies to reduce the pr...

This paper presents a mixed integer programming based approach for optimal placement of DC model of Unified Power Flow Controller in the deregulated electricity environment. The method accounts for DC load flow equations taking constraints on generation, line flow, and UPFC parameters. The security of transactions has become important issue to reserve the available transfer capability. Therefor...